基于稀疏同波束测量的天问一号火星着陆点定位方法  

Positioning method of Tianwen-1 Mars landing site based on sparse SBI measurement

作　　者：张宇[1] 曹建峰[1] 孔静[1] 段建锋[1] 李翠兰[1] 慎千慧 宋辰 梁猛 ZHANG Yu;CAO Jianfeng;KONG Jing;DUAN Jianfeng;LI Cuilan;SHEN Qianhui;SONG Chen;LIANG Meng(Beijing Aerospace Flight Control Center,Beijing 100094,China)

机构地区：[1]北京航天飞行控制中心,北京100094

出　　处：《测绘学报》2024年第1期91-100,共10页Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(11872034,41804019,11973015)。

摘　　要：在广义相对论参考框架下,利用天问一号巡视器在着陆火星后与环绕器进行同波束测量,建立了适用于火星着陆点定位计算的测量模型,并根据两目标相对运动关系设计了基于火星时空参考框架的统计定位方法。通过蒙特卡洛仿真打靶,分析了多种误差和测量弧段对着陆点定位精度的影响,其中广义相对论的引力延迟会产生亚米级模型误差,对火星着陆点定位产生约百米级的影响。针对实际火星车测量单一且稀疏的特点,将环绕器定轨与火星车的定位从并行计算调整为串行计算,引入火星数字高程模型约束着陆点定位的高度,提升环绕器轨道精度并压缩计算弧段,最终将火星车着陆点精度从千米量级提升至约300 m。We established a calculation model for the Mars landing site based on the same beam measurement of the distance between Tianwen-1 Rover landed on Mars and the orbiter,and considering the influence of general relativity theory in deep space exploration.From the relative motion relationship between the two targets,we designed a statistical positioning algorithm based on Mars space-time reference frame.We analyzed the influence of various errors and measurement arcs on the positioning accuracy of landing site through Monte Carlo simulation.The gravitational delay of general relativity theory will produce sub meter error,whose influence on the positioning of Mars site is about 100 meters.As the measurement result of the actual Mars rover is single and sparse,the orbit determination of the orbiter and the positioning of the Mars Rover are changed from parallel calculation to serial calculation,and a Mars digital elevation model is introduced to restrict the height of the landing site positioning.Finally,we improved the orbit accuracy of the orbiter and compressed the calculation arc,so the accuracy of the landing site of the Mars rover is improved from kilometer to about 300 meters.

关 键 词：火星探测 同波束测量 着陆点定位 广义相对论 火星车 

分 类 号：V412.4[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程] P228[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]