考虑弱势群体疏散行为特征的高层住院楼疏散仿真及优化  

Simulation and Optimization of Considering Evacuation Behavior Characteristics of Vulnerable Groups within High-rise Hospital Buildings

作　　者：刘晓然 丰慧 曾德民 张略淼 LIU Xiao-ran;FENG Hui;ZENG De-min;ZHANG Lüe-miao(School of Science,Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Beijing 102616,China;School of Civil Transportation Engineering,Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Beijing 100044,China)

机构地区：[1]北京建筑大学理学院,北京102616 [2]北京建筑大学土木与交通工程学院,北京100044

出　　处：《科学技术与工程》2024年第2期715-722,共8页Science Technology and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51908025,52278472);中国地震局工程力学研究所基本科研业务费专项(2021EEEVL0212)。

摘　　要：为有效提高高层住院楼内人员安全疏散效率,选取某综合医院高层住院楼为研究对象,重点考虑高层住院楼内弱势群体疏散行为特征,结合视域分析法对住院楼内部空间进行适弱化分析,应用AnyLogic软件对建筑内部人员开展多情景疏散仿真。结果表明,进行紧急疏散时,建筑内的空间布局会诱使疏散压力集中在建筑内某一区域;依据住院楼内人员的生理和行为特征进行分类,将不同类别人员组合并进行分梯疏散,最优方案下整体疏散效率提高了15.95%。可见考虑弱势群体的疏散行为特征,对人员进行合理的分组分梯疏散能有效提高高层住院楼整体疏散效率。In order to effectively improve the evacuation efficiency of personnel evacuation in high-rise hospital building,a comprehensive hospital's high-rise residential building was selected as the subject of study.It focusing on the evacuation behavior characteristics of the vulnerable groups within the high-rise hospital building,through the application of Isovist analysis,a suitability analysis was conducted for the interior space of the hospital building.The Anylogic software was utilized for multi-scenario evacuation simulations within the building.The results show that during emergency evacuations,the spatial layout of the building could lead to the concentration of evacuation pressure in a certain area of the building.By classifying the inpatient building's inhabitants based on their physiological and behavioral characteristics,and then combining different categories of people for phased evacuation.In the optimal scenario,the overall evacuation efficiency improved by 15.95%.It is evident that considering the evacuation behavior characteristics of vulnerable groups,and carrying out reasonable grouping and separate evacuations can effectively improve the overall evacuation efficiency of high-rise hospital buildings.

关 键 词：高层住院楼 空间句法 弱势群体 疏散行为 ANYLOGIC 分组分梯 

分 类 号：TU246.1[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论]