系统安全性评估中飞行机组人为因素的分析方法  

Analysis method of flight crew human factors in system safety assessment

作　　者：刘会星[1] 阮宏泽[1] 黎先平[1] 冯臻[1] LIU Huixing;RUAN Hongze;LI Xianping;FENG Zhen(Aircraft Architecture Integration Engineering Technology Institute,Shanghai Aircraft Design and Research Institute,Shanghai 201210,China)

机构地区：[1]上海飞机设计研究院飞机架构集成工程技术所,上海201210

出　　处：《航空工程进展》2024年第1期135-140,156,共7页Advances in Aeronautical Science and Engineering

摘　　要：随着飞机系统日益高度综合复杂和自动化水平逐渐提高,飞行员在应对失效或应急情况时通常准备不足,纠正动作可能是不正确、不及时或不完整的,因此系统安全性评估中迫切需要考虑飞行机组人为因素问题。通过分析CCAR25.1309(b)和(c)条款的要求和飞行机组对失效的处理过程,基于功能危险性评估中的失效状态,提出人为因素需求的捕获方法和人为因素分析方法;通过在型号中应用这些方法,从失效状态向告警和程序的角度实现安全性正向设计,建立安全性评估中飞行机组人为因素的完整适航符合性证据链。结果表明:本文提出的方法可有效表明对CCAR25.1309(b)和(c)条款中人为因素相关的适航符合性。With the improvement of high complexity and automation level of the aircraft systems,pilots are often ill-prepared to cope with an actual emergency or failure,and their corrective actions may be erroneous,delayed or incomplete.Therefore,there is an urgent need to consider flight crew human factors in system safety assessment.By analyzing the requirements of CCAR25.1309(b)and(c)and failure processing process of flight crew,based on the failure conditions in functional hazard assessment,the methods of requirements capture and analysis of flight crew human factors is proposed.By applying these methods in the aircraft development,the top down design for safety which from failure condition to alert and procedures is achieved,and a complete chain of compliance evidence for human factor of safety is established.The results show that the proposed method can effectively demonstrate airworthiness compliance with human factors of CCAR25.1309(b)and(c).

关 键 词：功能危险性评估 人为因素 假设 失效状态 告警 程序 

分 类 号：V216.7[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程] V221