基于司法视角的法律法规数据库建构  

Construction of Law and Regulation Database Based on Judicial Perspective

作　　者：赵玉增 王璇 Zhao Yuzeng;Wang Xuan(School of Law,Qingdao University of Science and Technology,Qingdao,Shandong,266061)

机构地区：[1]青岛科技大学法学院,山东青岛266061

出　　处：《山东警察学院学报》2023年第5期64-74,共11页Journal of Shandong Police College

摘　　要：在信息化、智能化时代,无论是从智慧法院建设,还是从人工智能应用于司法裁判来看,建构法律法规数据库都是一项基础性工作。在立法视角影响下,现有法律法规数据库存在数据内容不全面、数据收录碎片化、数据分类不规范、数据检索功能难以满足现实需求等诸多问题,未来的法律法规数据库建设应当转向司法视角。一方面,要恪守法律法规数据库的公共属性,充分发挥国家的主导作用,由国务院(或司法部)牵头,联合最高人民法院、最高人民检察院、国家监察委员会等多部门协同建设;另一方面,要借助法律渊源基本理论,区分正式法源数据库与非正式法源数据库,充分运用法律渊源理论指导正式法源数据库的建设工作,厘清正式法源数据库中法律法规数据的分类依据和分类标准,让数据设置和数据排列更加符合司法需求。同时,还应借鉴已有数据库的功能设置,为正式法源数据库选择合适的检索工具,匹配合理的检索功能,满足不同群体的法律需求,并兼顾法律法规数据的权威性和完备性,强化数据库的一体化构造。In the era of information and intelligence,whether it is from the construction of smart courts or from the application of artificial intelligence to judicial judgment,the construction of laws and regulations data-base is a basic work.Under the influence of legislative perspective,the existing laws and regulations database has many problems,such as incomplete data content,fragmented data collection,non-standard data classifi-cation,which is difficult to meet the practical needs of data retrieval functions.The construction of laws and regulations database should be turned to the judicial perspective in the future.On the one hand,it is necessary to abide by the public nature of laws and regulations database,give full play to the leading role of The State Council(or the Ministry of Justice),and cooperate with the Supreme People’s Court,the Supreme People’s Procuratorate,the National Supervisory Commission and other departments to build it;On the other hand,we should make use of the basic theory of legal sources to distinguish the formal source database from the informal source database,guide the construction of formal source databasemake by use of the theory of legal sources,clarify the classification basis and classification criteria of legal and regulatory data in the formal source data-base,and make data-setting and data arrangement more in line with the judicial needs.At the same time,we should also learn from the functional settings of existing databases,select appropriate retrieval tools for formal legal source databases,match reasonable retrieval functions,meet the legal needs of different groups,take into account the authority and completeness of legal and regulatory data,and strengthen the integrated construction of databases.

关 键 词：司法视角 法律渊源 法律法规 数据库建设 

分 类 号：D916[政治法律—法学]