贵州特异稻种香禾糯种质资源保护利用研究概述  

Overview on Conservation and Utilization for Kam Sweet Rice of Special Germplasm Resources in Guizhou

作　　者：陈惠查[1] 黎小冰 游俊梅[2] 谭金玉 焦爱霞[1] 宋泽 王玲莉 阮仁超[3] CHEN Huicha;LI Xiaobing;YOU Junmei;TAN Jinyu;JIAO Aixia;SONG Ze;WANG Lingli;RUAN Renchao(Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guiyang 550006,China;Institute of Rice,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guiyang 550006,China;Institute of Horticulture,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guiyang 550006,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省农业科学院农作物品种资源研究所,贵阳550006 [2]贵州省农业科学院水稻研究所,贵阳550006 [3]贵州省农业科学院园艺研究所,贵阳550006

出　　处：《种子》2023年第11期61-67,F0002,共8页Seed

基　　金：国家科技基础性工作专项(2012FY110202);国家“十三五”重点研发计划(2016YFD0100101);农业农村部作物种质资源精准鉴定专项(19221905);贵州省科技支撑计划项目(黔科合支撑[2022]重点025号;黔农科青年基金[2023]24号)。

摘　　要：香禾糯是分布于贵州省黔东南州少数民族聚居区原生环境的一种特殊稻类生态型,以米质优、香味浓、耐冷抗旱、耐瘠耐阴等诸多优良特性而备受关注。现收集保存本土样本850余份,陆续编目并送国家中、长期种质库保存1000余份(次),是水稻优质抗逆育种与种质创新的重要基因源。本文系统全面回顾了近40年来香禾糯种质资源收集保存、鉴定评价和遗传改良与种质创新利用研究等,尤其是遗传演化的主要进展,并就继续抢救性收集香禾糯种质资源,深化精准鉴定评价技术,提高优异基因发掘与利用进行了讨论。Kam sweet rice(KSR)(Oryza sativa L.)is a special ecotypic rice distributed in the minority inhabited areas in southeast Guizhou,of which many excellent characteristics,such as strong resistance to stress,barren resistance,good grain quality and strong fragrance,and had attracted much attention.It was the gene source of rice resistance breeding and germplasm innovation utilization.More than 800 accessions were preserved by National Crops Genebank.In this paper,the major advances in the collection,preservation,identification and evaluation of the germplasm resources of KSR were systematically reviewed in Guizhou in the past 40 years,especially the research on genetic improvement and germplasm innovation and utilization,and to continue the rescue collection,deepen the identification and evaluation,and improve the ability of excellent gene discovery and identification were disscussed.

关 键 词：香禾糯 收集保护 遗传多样性 鉴定评价 改良利用 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]