住院老年2型糖尿病患者认知衰弱现状及其影响因素分析  

Analysis of cognitive frailty and its influencing factors in hospitalized elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

作　　者：白治繁 韦静[1] 张春兰[2] 张笑燕[2] BAI Zhifan;WEI Jing;ZHANG Chunlan;ZHANG Xiaoyan(Nursing Department,Yulin No.2 Hospital,Yulin 719000;Endocrinology Department,the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University,Suzhou 215000,China)

机构地区：[1]榆林市第二医院护理部,陕西榆林719000 [2]苏州大学附属第二医院内分泌科,江苏苏州215000

出　　处：《临床医学研究与实践》2024年第4期25-29,共5页Clinical Research and Practice

基　　金：榆林市科技计划项目(No.YF-2022-44)。

摘　　要：目的了解住院老年2型糖尿病患者的认知衰弱现状,并探讨其影响因素。方法采用便利抽样法选取2021年9月至2022年8月在苏州大学附属第二医院及榆林市第二医院内分泌科住院的老年2型糖尿病患者为研究对象,进行横断面调查。采用自制的一般资料调查表、衰弱表型量表(FP)、简易精神状态量表(MMSE)、简易营养评估量表(MNA-SF)、Zung氏抑郁自评量表(SDS)对患者进行评估。结果231例老年2型糖尿病患者中,有111例(48.05%)存在躯体衰弱,84例(36.36%)存在认知障碍,61例(26.41%)存在认知衰弱。单因素分析结果显示,不同性别、年龄、夜间睡眠时长、服用安眠药、规律运动、空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白、糖尿病并发症、营养状况以及抑郁住院老年2型糖尿病患者的认知衰弱发生率比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析结果显示,规律运动、抑郁、服用安眠药、营养状况是住院老年2型糖尿病患者认知衰弱的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论住院老年2型糖尿病患者认知衰弱发生率较高,且其影响因素较多,医护人员应重视此类患者的认知衰弱状况,为其提供针对性、全方位、多角度的干预策略,同时为患者提供延续性居家干预策略,以预防或减缓相关并发症的发生与发展。Objective To understand the status of cognitive frailty in hospitalized elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and to explore its influencing factors.Methods The convenience sampling method was used to select elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who were hospitalized in the endocrinology department of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University and the Yulin No.2 Hospital from September 2021 to August 2022 as objects for a cross-sectional survey.The self-made general information questionnaire,Frailty Phenotype(FP),Mini-Mental State Exmination(MMSE),the Short-Form Mini-Nutritional Assessment(MNA-SF)and Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale(SDS)were used to evaluate the patients.Results Of the 231 elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus,111 cases(48.05%)had physical frailty,84 cases(36.36%)had cognitive impairment,and 61 cases(26.41%)had cognitive frailty.The results of univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in the incidence of cognitive frailty among different genders,ages,nighttime sleep duration,taking sleeping pills,regular exercise,fasting blood glucose,glycosylated hemoglobin,diabetic complications,nutritional status and depression in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that regular exercise,depression,taking sleeping pill and nutritional status were the influencing factors of cognitive frailty in hospitalized elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(P<0.05).Conclusion The incidence of cognitive frailty in hospitalized elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus is high,and there are many influencing factors.Medical staff should pay attention to the cognitive frailty of such patients,provide targeted,comprehensive and multi-angle intervention strategies for patients,and provide continuous home intervention strategies for patients to prevent or slow down the occurrence and development of related complications.

关 键 词：老年患者 2型糖尿病 认知功能 衰弱 

分 类 号：R587.1[医药卫生—内分泌]