某院住院患者病原学标本送检现状及病原菌分布、耐药情况分析  

Analysis on Current Situation of Specimens Submitted for Etiology Examination and Distribution and Drug Resistance of Pathogenic Bacteria Among Hospitalized Patients in a Certain Hospital

作　　者：白利平 白园园 王耀 Bai Liping;Bai Yuanyuan;Wang Yao(Clinical Laboratory Department,Helan County People's Hospital,Yinchuan 750200,Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,China;Yinchuan Third People's Hospital,Yinchuan 750001,Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,China;Ningxia Gel Flower Hospital,Yinchuan750001,Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,China)

机构地区：[1]银川市贺兰县人民医院检验科,宁夏回族自治区银川750200 [2]银川市第三人民医院,宁夏回族自治区银川750001 [3]宁夏宝石花医院,宁夏回族自治区银川750001

出　　处：《中国社区医师》2023年第34期67-69,共3页Chinese Community Doctors

摘　　要：目的:全面了解银川市贺兰县人民医院住院患者病原学标本送检现状及病原菌分布、耐药情况。方法:收集并分析2020—2022年银川市贺兰县人民医院住院患者微生物病原学送检标本类型、主要病原菌感染菌株及多重耐药菌(MDRO)分布情况。结果:2020—2022年住院患者病原学标本送检率逐年升高,2022年病原学标本送检率达52.50%,比2020年增加了10.17%。临床送检标本以呼吸道标本(痰液及咽拭子)占比最高,接近或超过50%,其次是血液和尿液标本。2020-2022年共分离出病原菌1892株,其中革兰阴性菌1475株(77.96%),革兰阳性菌417株(22.04%)。3年间检出的病原菌均以大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、金黄色葡萄球菌为主。MDRO标本来源主要为脓液、尿液和分泌物。3年共检出MDRO菌株410株,其中2020年检出128株(31.22%),2021年检出139株(33.90%),2022年检出143株(34.88%)。3年主要耐药菌株均是大肠埃希菌和金黄色葡萄球菌。3年MDRO株检出率最高的科室均是普外科。结论:2020—2022年贺兰县人民医院住院患者病原学送检率基本合理,住院患者微生物感染以革兰阴性菌为主,MDRO感染普遍存在,防控形势依然严峻。Objective:To comprehensively understand the current situation of specimens submitted for etiology examination and the distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria among hospitalized patients in Helan County People's Hospital of Yin‑chuan City.Methods:The types of microbiological specimens submitted for etiology examination,main pathogenic bacterial strains infected,and the distribution of multidrug-resistant organism(MDRO)of hospitalized patients in Helan County People's Hospital of Yinchuan City from 2020 to 2022 were collected and analyzed.Results:From 2020 to 2022,the submission rate of specimens for etiology examination of hospitalized patients increased annually.The submission rate of specimens for etiology examination in 2022 was 52.50%,which increased by 10.17%compared to that in 2020.Respiratory tract specimens(sputum and throat swabs)accounted for the highest proportion of clinical specimens submitted for examination,which was close to or more than 50%,fol‑lowed by blood and urine specimens.From 2020 to 2022,a total of 1892 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated,including 1475 strains(77.96%)of gram-negative bacteria and 417 strains(22.04%)of gram-positive bacteria.The pathogenic bacteria de‑tected in three years were mainly Escherichia coli,Klebsiella pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus.The sources of MDRO specimens were mainly pus,urine,and secretions.A total of 410 strains of MDRO were detected in three years,of which 128 strains(31.22%)were detected in 2020,139(33.90%)strains were detected in 2021,and 143 strains(34.88%)were detected in 2022.The main drug-resistant strains in three years were Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.The department with the highest detection rate of MDRO strains in three years was the Department of General Surgery.Conclusion:The submission rate for etiology examination of hospitalized patients in Helan County People's Hospital from 2020 to 2022 is basically reasonable.Micro‑bial infections in hospitalized patients are mainly caused by gram-

关 键 词：病原菌 多重耐药菌 微生物感染 

分 类 号：R446.5[医药卫生—诊断学]