广东地区人群抗核抗体检测滴度及核型特征分析  

Analysis of antinuclear antibody titer and karyotype characteristics in Guangdong population

作　　者：闻向晖 杜凯伟 周刘忠 魏秋静[4] 姚纯 古洁若[4] 张鹏[6] WEN Xiang-hui;DU Kai-wei;ZHOU Liu-zhong;WEI Qiu-jing;YAO Chun;GU Jie-ruo;ZHANG Peng(Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital,Shenzhen 518110,Guangdong,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]深圳市龙华区中心医院,广东深圳518110 [2]广州惠善医疗技术有限公司,广东广州510000 [3]深圳茵诺诊所,广东深圳518000 [4]中山大学附属第三医院风湿免疫科、广东省免疫疾病临床医学研究中心,广东广州510630 [5]深圳市免疫医学转化(龙华)研究院,广东深圳518000 [6]中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院,广东深圳518055

出　　处：《广东医学》2024年第1期63-67,共5页Guangdong Medical Journal

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFC2501306);广东省免疫疾病临床医学研究中心(2020B1111170008);广东省重点领域研发计划项目(2023B1111030002)。

摘　　要：目的通过分析广东地区抗核抗体(antinuclear antibody,ANA)受试者滴度及核型阳性检出情况,探讨ANA阳性人群的临床特征,便于为广东地区人群的健康管理提供科学依据,为潜在的自身免疫性疾病(autoimmune diseases,AID)患者提供早期健康指导和参考。方法回顾性分析2021年4月至2023年7月广东地区22家医院通过间接免疫荧光法(indirect immunofluorescence,IIF)常规检测ANA的患者23771例,统计ANA滴度、核型阳性检出率及性别、年龄特征。结果23771例ANA检测患者阳性检出率为14.21%(3378/23771),随年龄增大ANA阳性患者数量呈递增趋势,60岁以上ANA阳性有1440例(42.63%)人数最多。不同年龄段ANA阳性检出率女性均高于男性。滴度以1∶80抗体低滴度为主,有2662例(78.81%),高滴度1∶1000与1∶1280阳性率均较低,其中颗粒型阳性检出2288例(67.73%)最高,60岁以上有879例(46.31%)人数最多,但男女颗粒型阳性率差距随着年龄增加逐渐缩短。结论广东地区女性ANA阳性检出率较高,其中1∶80颗粒型最多,提示患有系统性红斑狼疮、混合性结缔组织病、干燥综合征或多发性肌炎等疾病有较大的风险,尤其是绝经后的中老年女性,同时60岁以上的男性也应多留意发生免疫疾病的风险。Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of ANA-positive individuals,by analyzing the titers of ANA and the positive detection of nuclear patterns in subjects from Guangdong;providing scientific basis for health management of the Guangdong population and offers early health guidance and reference for potential patients with autoimmune diseases(AID).Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 23771 patients from 22 hospitals in Guangdong who underwent routine ANA testing using indirect immunofluorescence(IIF)from April 2021 to July 2023.ANA titers,positive detection rates of nuclear patterns,and demographic characteristics such as gender and age were statistically analyzed.Results The positive detection rate of ANA in the 23771 tested patients was 14.21%(3378/23771).The number of ANA-positive patients increased with age,with the highest number(1440 cases,42.63%)occurring in individuals aged 60 and above.The ANA-positive detection rates for females were higher than those for males in different age groups.The majority of cases had low titers of 1∶80 antibodies(2662 cases,78.81%),while the positive rates for high titers of 1∶1000 and 1∶1280 were relatively low.Granular pattern positivity was the most common(2288 cases,67.73%),with the highest occurrence(879 cases,46.31%)in individuals aged 60 and above.However,the gender gap in granular pattern positivity gradually narrowed with increasing age.Conclusion The high prevalence of ANA positivity,especially with a granular pattern at 1:80 titer,in females in the Guangdong region suggests a significant risk of diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE),mixed connective tissue disease(MCTD),Sjgren′s syndrome(SS),or polymyositis(PM).This risk is particularly noteworthy in postmenopausal middle-aged and elderly women.Men aged 60 and above should also be vigilant about the risk of developing immune-related diseases.

关 键 词：广东地区 抗核抗体 滴度 核型 临床特征 

分 类 号：R593.2[医药卫生—内科学] R446.6[医药卫生—临床医学]