“外人回心向之”?——庄士敦与溥仪“出洋之议”  

The Enlistment of Foreign Diplomatic Support?R.F.Johnston and“Pu Yi’s Foreign Tour Scheme”

作　　者：贾盼 JIA Pan(Department of History,East China Normal University)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学历史系,上海200241

出　　处：《清史研究》2024年第1期126-136,共11页The Qing History Journal

基　　金：国家留学基金委“国家建设高水平大学公派研究生项目”(202106010177)资助。

摘　　要：1919年经旧官僚李经迈推荐,英国人庄士敦成为逊帝溥仪的英文师傅。该教育计划牵涉一项过去罕为学界注意的溥仪“出洋之议”,庄士敦本质上是替李经迈等帝制派争取英国援助,转行君主宪政的中间人。然而,英国当局虽积极占据英文师傅职位,借谋维持在华威望,却并不接受溥仪戴皇帝头衔出洋游历,以免引起外交争端。庄士敦与英方立场一致,并试图促成清室整顿宫廷,主动放弃优待,缓和帝制存于共和的矛盾。这些主张不仅为竭力维持优待、阻挠溥仪离宫的清室王公大臣所不容,也令遥控他的实际雇主李经迈束手无策,“出洋之议”的走向最终面目全非。In 1919,an English man R.F.Johnston became the English tutor of Ex-emperor Puyi through the recommendation of a former Qing Dynasty mandarin Li Ching-mai.This educational plan concerned a so-called“Pu Yi’s Foreign Tour Scheme”,which was rarely attracted the attention of academic circles in the past.Essentially,Johnston was destined as the middleman by Li Chingmai and other monarchists to enlist British government’s support in restoring Pu Yi back to the throne as a constitutional ruler of China.However,although the British authorities actively monopolized the position of English tutor for the purpose of maintaining British prestige in China,they did not accept Pu Yi’s travelling abroad under the title of Emperor to forestall any diplomatic disputes.Sided with the British,Johnston advised Pu Yi to mitigate the contradiction between monarchy and republic through taking up residence at the Summer Palace and also proactively giving up favorable treatment.Not only were these views rejected by the aristocrat and officials of Qing court who were stubbornly holding onto the favorable treatment and persisting on Pu Yi’s remaining in the palace,they also left the behind-thescene employer Li Ching-mai in a difficult position.“Pu Yi’s Foreign Tour Scheme”in the end turned out to be unrecognizable.

关 键 词：庄士敦 溥仪 李经迈 “出洋之议” 

分 类 号：K258.9[历史地理—历史学]