温度对青藏高原高寒草地植物种子萌发与病原真菌侵染关系的影响  

Effects of temperature on the relationship between plant seed germination and pathogenic fungal infection in alpine grasslands on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

作　　者：田真 张书琴 李文洁 蒋霏飞 陈焘[1,2,3,4] TIAN Zhen;ZHANG Shuqin;LI Wenjie;JIANG Feifei;CHEN Tao(State Key Laboratory of Herbage lmprovement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystems,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730020,China;Center for Grassland Microbiome,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730020,China;College of Pastoral Agricultural Science and Technology,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730020,China;National Demonstration Center for Experimental Grassland Science Education(Lanzhou University),Lanzhou 730020,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学草种创新与草地农业生态系统全国重点实验室,兰州730020 [2]兰州大学草地微生物研究中心,兰州730020 [3]兰州大学草地农业科技学院,兰州730020 [4]草业科学国家级实验教学示范中心(兰州大学),兰州730020

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2024年第1期17-24,共8页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：青海省科技厅创新团队项目(2021-ZJ-901);国家自然科学基金项目(31901378);兰州大学科研启动费项目(561119207)资助。

摘　　要：自然条件下,病原真菌侵染是导致种子死亡的重要因素。气候变化背景下,种子特性(如休眠和发芽速率)与真菌侵染之间的关系仍不清楚。本研究以青藏高原高寒草地的17种草本植物种子为对象,设置不同温度(10、15、20和25℃)发芽实验,研究不同温度条件下种子病原真菌侵染和死亡与种子发芽速率和休眠特性之间的关系。结果表明:在各温度条件下,种子病原真菌侵染率、死亡率与种子休眠率均呈显著负相关(P<0.001),但在25℃条件下相关性最强:仅在25℃条件下,种子真菌侵染率、死亡率与种子平均发芽时间呈显著正相关(P<0.05);种子休眠在不同温度条件下均能有效抵御病原真菌的侵染;种子通过快速萌发有效逃避病原真菌的侵染,但其与病原真菌的关系受温度影响较大。Under natural conditions,pathogenic fungal infection is an important factor leading to seed mortality.However,the relationship between seed characteristics(e.g.,dormancy and germination rate)and pathogenic fungal infection under climate change is poorly understood.In this study,seeds of 17 herbaceous plant species collected from an alpine meadow of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau were used to perform a germination trail at different temperatures(10,15,20,and 25℃).We examined the effect of temperature on seed germination characteristics and fungal infection,and explored the relationship between fungal infection and seed death and seed germination rate and dormancy characteristics under different temperature conditions.There was a significant negative correlation between seed fungal infection rate and seed mortality and seed dormancy under each temperature(P<0.001),with the strongest correlation at 25℃.Only at 25℃,the fungal infection rate and mortality of seeds were significantly positively correlated with the average germination time of seeds(P<0.05).These results showed that seed dormancy can effectively resist the infection of pathogenic fungi under different temperature conditions.In addition,seeds can effectively escape the infection of pathogenic fungi through rapid germination,but their relationship with pathogenic fungi is greatly affected by temperature.This study provides a scientific basis for understanding the relationship between seed characteristics and pathogenic fungi in the context of climate change.

关 键 词：温度 种子存活 种子萌发 病原真菌 发芽时间 

分 类 号：S812[农业科学—草业科学]