水淹对水竹光合生理特征的影响  

Effects of waterlogging on the photosynthetic characteristics of Phyllostachys heteroclada

作　　者：罗慧莹 苏文会 蔺晓云 储昊煜 金艺 景雄 孙宇彤 龙永美 LUO Huiying;SU Wenhui;LIN Xiaoyun;CHU Haoyu;JIN Yi;JING Xiong;SUN Yutong;LONG Yongmei(International Centre for Bamboo and Rattan,Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing for Bamboo&Rattan Science and Technology,Beijing 100102,China)

机构地区：[1]国际竹藤中心,国家林业和草原局/北京市共建竹藤科学与技术重点实验室,北京100102

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2024年第1期115-121,共7页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国际竹藤中心基本科研业务费专项资金项目(1632021003和1632023002)资助。

摘　　要：为探究耐淹速生竹种水竹对不同程度水淹胁迫的光合生理响应,以一年生水竹(Phyllostachys heteroclada)为试验材料,以正常浇水为对照组,测定根部全淹及根部半淹处理下水竹光合气体交换参数、光合色素及叶片资源利用效率随水淹时长产生的差异。结果表明:水淹胁迫第3天,半淹处理的水竹叶片净光合速率、光饱和点和蒸腾速率较对照均出现显著上升,而全淹胁迫下则无显著差异,其后均随胁迫时间的延长而下降,下降幅度与胁迫程度呈正相关;水淹胁迫处理第6天,水竹叶片气孔导度均显著高于对照组,后呈下降趋势;水淹胁迫导致水竹胞间CO_(2)浓度呈现先下降后上升的趋势,至第9天与对照组的数据差异不显著,其恢复时长与胁迫程度呈正相关;暗呼吸速率及光补偿点则随胁迫时长的增加而上升;总光合色素呈现先下降后上升趋势,叶绿素与类胡萝卜素的比例仍保持在3∶1,而叶绿素a与叶绿素b的比例从3∶1下降至2∶1;叶片水分利用率呈现先下降后上升的趋势,而表观光能利用率与表观CO_(2)利用率均呈现下降趋势,其下降幅度随水淹时长的延长而逐渐减小。研究表明,半淹胁迫短期内对水竹的光合作用表现出促进作用,但随胁迫时间的延长,光合各参数会逐渐下降至稳定水平,水竹通过调节光合色素比例及提高水分利用效率,适应水淹环境后,具有较好的耐淹能力。To explore the photosynthetic physiological responses of Phyllostachys heteroclada,a waterlogging-tolerant and fast-growing bamboo species,to different degrees of waterlogging stress,we measured the photosynthetic gas exchange parameters,photosynthetic pigments and leaf resource use efficiency of one-year-old P.heteroclada to the degree of waterlogging stress and duration of waterlogging under three treatments:normal watering(as control),half flooding,and full flooding.After waterlogging for three days,net photosynthetic rate,light saturation point and transpiration rate of P.heteroclada under half flooding increased significantly compared with the control,but there was no change under full flooding.With the extension of stress duration,all the variables decreased,with the decreasing range being positively correlated with the degree of stress.After waterlogging for six days,stomatal conductance of P.heteroclada leaves was significantly higher than that of the control,and then showed a downward trend.The intercellular CO_(2) concentration showed a trend of decreasing first and then increasing,and the difference with the control was not significant by day 9.The recovery time was positively correlated with the degree of stress.Dark respiration rate and light compensation point increased with increasing stress duration.The content of total photosynthetic pigments showed a trend of decreasing first and then increasing with the duration of stress.The ratio of chlorophyll to carotenoid remained at 3∶1,while the ratio of chlorophyll a to chlorophyll b decreased from 3∶1 to 2∶1.Leaf water use efficiency showed a trend of decreasing and then increasing.Both the apparent energy utilization rate and apparent CO_(2) utilization rate showed a decreasing trend,and their decreasing rate gradually decreased with the extension of waterlogging duration.Our results indicated that photosynthesis of bamboo showed certain promoted effects under half flooding stress.With the extension of stress duration,the photosynthetic paramete

关 键 词：水淹 水竹 光合色素 光合参数 

分 类 号：S795[农业科学—林木遗传育种]