2019—2022年江苏省幼儿园儿童蛲虫感染现状及影响因素分析  

Prevalence and influencing factors of Enterobius vermicularis infection among kindergarten children in Jiangsu Province from 2019 to 2022

作　　者：茅范贞 李雪诚 徐祥珍[1] 戴洋[1,2] 刘耀宝 曹俊[1,2,4] MAO Fanzhen;LI Xuecheng;XU Xiangzhen;DAI Yang;LIU Yaobao;CAO Jun(Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases,National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention,Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Control Technology,Wuxi 214064,China;School of Public Health,Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing 211166,Jiangsu,China;Huai’an District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Huai’an 223200;Public Health Research Center,Jiangnan University,Wuxi 214064,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省血吸虫病防治研究所,国家卫生健康委员会寄生虫病预防与控制技术重点实验室,江苏省寄生虫与媒介控制技术重点实验室,无锡214064 [2]南京医科大学公共卫生学院,江苏南京211166 [3]江苏省淮安市淮安区疾病预防控制中心,淮安223200 [4]江南大学公共卫生研究中心,江苏无锡214064

出　　处：《中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志》2023年第6期708-717,共10页Chinese Journal of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases

基　　金：江苏省卫生健康委医学科研项目(M2022064)。

摘　　要：目的了解江苏省幼儿园儿童蛲虫感染现状、变化趋势及影响因素,为进一步调整与推进儿童蛲虫病防控策略提供科学依据。方法2019—2022年的每年9—10月,在江苏省的南、中、北部分别抽取至少1个县(市、区)作为调查点,每个调查点抽取2个幼儿园(包含1个农村性质、1个城镇性质幼儿园,规模均为200人以上)开展整群抽样,每个幼儿园至少调查200名包含大、中、小班儿童。对儿童进行肛拭法采样,若显微镜下查见蛲虫卵,即判定为蛲虫感染阳性。对儿童家长开展问卷调查,内容包括儿童基本信息、蛲虫感染相关卫生习惯、家庭情况和家长对蛲虫病的知晓情况等。结果2019—2022年在江苏省21个县(市、区)累计调查15669名幼儿园儿童,总感染率为0.7%(111/15669),逐年感染率分别为1.2%(44/3678)、0.5%(13/2568)、0.7%(27/3802)和0.4%(22/5621),呈下降趋势(χ^(2)=14.46,P<0.05);农村幼儿园逐年感染率分别为2.1%(41/1981)、0.2%(2/833)、1.0%(8/824)和0.6%(19/3271),呈下降趋势(χ^(2)=17.34,P<0.05),城区幼儿园分别为0.2%(4/1697)、0.6%(10/1635)、0.7%(20/2987)和0.2%(6/2650),趋势检验无统计学差异(χ^(2)=0.04,P>0.05)。2019—2022年苏南、苏中、苏北的总感染率分别为1.0%(56/5698)、0.5%(32/6135)和0.5%(22/4136)。2019—2022年,大班儿童的感染率分别为1.8%(23/1266)、0.8%(8/998)、1.4%(16/1167)和0.6%(10/1796),呈下降趋势(χ^(2)=8.01,P<0.05),普遍高于中班儿童的1.0%(13/1325)、0.5%(4/871)、0.5%(9/1687)、0.5%(10/2063)和小班儿童的0.8%(9/1087)、0%(0/699)、0.3%(3/948)、0.3%(5/1762)。问卷调查结果显示,2019—2022年幼儿园儿童吸吮手指的比例分别为20.8%、17.4%、20.5%和19.4%,吸吮玩具/文具的比例分别为12.5%、9.3%、10.1%和12.6%;幼儿园儿童家长对蛲虫病的主观知晓率(是否知道蛲虫病)分别为61.9%、76.0%、78.5%和70.3%,呈上升趋势(χ^(2)=202.86,P<0.05)。年龄越大(OR=1.447,95%CI=1.186~1.764,P<0.05)、洗晒频�Objective To investigate the current status,trend of changes and influencing factors of Enterobius vermicularis infection in kindergarten children in Jiangsu Province,in order to provide the scientific basis for adjustment and improvement of enterobiasis control strategy.Methods From 2019 to 2022,at least one county(city,district)was selected from the southern,central and northern parts of the Province as survey sites,from each of which two kindergartens(one rural type and one urban type)with a size over 200 children each were selected for cluster sampling the participants.In each kindergarten,no less than 200 chidren separately from senior,middle,and junior classes participated in the suvey.Anal swab method was used to detect E.vermicularis eggs by microscopy.Children’s parents underwent questionnaire survey on basic information of children,hygienic habits related to E.vermicularis infection,family background,and knowledge awareness of enterobiasis.Results A total of 15669 children were examined in 21 counties(districts,cities),and the overall prevalence rate of pinworm infection was 0.7%in Jiangsu Province from 2019 to 2022.The annual prevalence was 1.2%(44/3678),0.5%(13/2568),0.7%(27/3802)and 0.4%(22/5621),with a significant decrease detected among the years(χ^(2)=14.46,P<0.05).The annual prevalence of rural kindergarten was 2.1%(41/1981),0.2%(2/833),1.0%(8/824)and 0.6%(19/3271),with a significant decrease detected among the years(χ^(2)=17.34,P<0.05).The annual prevalence of urban kindergarten was 0.2%(4/1697),0.6%(10/1635),0.7%(20/2987)and 0.2%(6/2650),with no significant difference detected among years(χ^(2)=0.04,P>0.05).The overall prevalence of South Jiangsu,Central Jiangsu,and North Jiangsu from 2019 to 2022 was 1.0%(56/5698),0.5%(32/6135),and 0.5%(22/4136).The prevalence among children of the senior class was 1.8%(23/1266),0.8%(8/998),1.4%(16/1167),and 0.6%(10/1796)from 2019 to 2022,respectively,with a significant decrease detected among years(χ^(2)=8.01,P<0.05),which were higher than that among ch

关 键 词：蛲虫感染 影响因素 幼儿园 儿童 江苏省 

分 类 号：R383.12[医药卫生—医学寄生虫学]