直棒式振棒料位计的振型优化方法  

Research on Vibration Mode Optimization Method of Vibrating Rod LevelMeter

作　　者：刀冠宇 黄铁球[1] 刘溢 孙海涛[2] DAO Guanyu;HUANG Tieqiu;LIU Yi;SUN Haitao(School of Mechanical,Electronic and Control Engineering,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China;Beijing Institute of Aerospace Metrologyand Testing Technology,Beijing 100072,China)

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学机械与电子控制工程学院,北京100044 [2]北京航天计量测试技术研究所,北京100072

出　　处：《机械设计与研究》2023年第6期171-176,184,共7页Machine Design And Research

摘　　要：针对直棒结构的振棒式料位计在与安装底座连接时容易产生附加振动,从而造成料位计结构损坏的问题,提出一种料位计的振型优化设计方法。根据多自由度振动系统的模态分析和有限单元方法,分析料位计的振型特点;提出安装点振型优化目标,采用梯度法和二分法对料位计的振型进行了优化;通过优化调整料位计零件的几何结构及其材料的参数,使得料位计振动时能大幅度减小在安装底座连接处产生的附加振动,从而避免料位计由于附加振动发生结构损坏,增加其使用寿命;为了避免料位计压紧螺帽与振动杆内壁发生碰撞,对压电陶瓷输入的激励力大小进行了分析和求解;后续产品样机试验验证了设计优化方法的有效性。In view of the problem that the vibrating rods level meter with the straight rod structure is prone to produce additional vibration when connected with the mounting base,resulting in the structural damage of the level meter,a vibration mode optimization design method of the level meter is proposed according to the modal analysis of the multiple degrees of freedom vibration system and the theory of the finite element method.The optimization objective of the vibration mode of the installation point is put forward,and the vibration mode of the straight vibrating rod level meter is optimized by the gradient method and dichotomy method.By optimizing and adjusting the parameters of the geometric structure and the selected materials of the level meter parts,the additional vibration at the connection with the mounting base can be significantly reduced.Structural damage of the level meter due to the additional vibration can be avoided and service life can be prolonged.In order to avoid the collision between the pressing nut of the level meter and the inner wall of the vibrating rod,the excitation force of the piezoelectric ceramic is analyzed and solved.The effectiveness of the design optimization method is verified by subsequent prototype tests.

关 键 词：料位计 有限元方法 多自由度系统 模态分析 参数优化 

分 类 号：TH73[机械工程—仪器科学与技术]