Y-1中间砧苹果地上部不同器官与组织矿质营养分配  

Distribution of Mineral Nutrients in Different Organs and Tissues of Y-1 Interstock Apple

作　　者：李汇斌 康积玮 王艳芳[1] 王骞 杨廷桢 郝燕燕[1] LI Huibin;KANG Jiwei;WANG Yanfang;WANG Qian;YANG Tingzhen;HAO Yanyan(College of Horticulture,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu,Shanxi 030801;Institute of Pomology,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu,Shanxi 030800)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学园艺学院,山西太谷030800 [2]山西农业大学果树研究所,山西太谷030800

出　　处：《北方园艺》2024年第1期31-37,共7页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：山西水利科学技术研究与推广资助项目(2022GM045)。

摘　　要：以Y-1中间砧的‘烟富3号’为试材,对树体地上部枝条和果实不同器官与组织矿质元素进行测定,研究了不同器官与组织矿质营养的分配特性,以期为苹果周年生产科学施肥提供参考依据。结果表明:N、P、Mg在种子中分配占比最高,果实中占比最少;K元素含量在各器官与组织中分配差异较小,相对其他元素其在果实中积累最高;Ca元素在叶片中分配占比最高。种子中N、P、K、Mg在花后90 d时积累达到最高后处于较高水平且变化平缓;果皮中Mg元素含量分配显著高于果心和果肉;P、K、Mg元素在韧皮部中含量变化较为活跃,在花后90 d韧皮部中P、K、Mg分配均显著升高。综上可知,Y-1中间砧矮化苹果施肥管理应注重秋后基肥或花后追施N、P、Mg,果实膨大期补施K肥,在花后及果实膨大期补充Ca肥。Taking‘Yanfu No.3’with Y-1 interstock as the test material,the mineral elements in different organs and tissues of the shoots and fruits of the tree were determined,and the distribution characteristics of mineral nutrients in different organs and tissues were studied,in order to provide reference for scientific fertilization of apple annual production.The results showed that N,P and Mg had the highest proportion in seeds and the least proportion in fruits.The distribution difference of K content in different organs and tissues was small,and its accumulation in fruit was the highest compared with other elements.Ca element has the highest distribution proportion in leaves.The accumulation of N,P,K and Mg in seeds reached the highest level at 90 days after flowering,and then remained at a high level and changed gently.The distribution of Mg content in peel was significantly higher than that in core and pulp.The content of P,K and Mg in phloem changed more actively,and the distribution of P,K and Mg in phloem increased significantly at 90 days after flowering.Conclusion,fertilization management of dwarf apple on Y-1 interstock should pay attention to basal fertilizer after autumn or topdressing N,P and Mg after anthesis,supplement K fertilizer during fruit expansion period,and supplement Ca fertilizer after anthesis and fruit expansion period.

关 键 词：Y-1中间砧 矮化苹果 矿质元素 营养分配 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]