不同保温材料对高接葡萄一年生枝越冬效果的比较  

Comparison of the Effects of Different Insulation Materials on Overwintering of Annual Branch in Top-grafted Grapevines

作　　者：李栋梅 吴轩 薛晓斌 候晨阳 王振平[1] LI Dongmei;WU Xuan;XUE Xiaobin;HOU Chenyang;WANG Zhenping(College of Enology and Horticulture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750021)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学葡萄酒与园艺学院,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《北方园艺》2024年第1期45-53,共9页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：宁夏重大科技攻关计划资助项目(2021BBF02036);国家现代农业产业技术体系资助项目(CARS-29-zp-3)。

摘　　要：以六年生抗寒葡萄‘北红’为砧木高接‘西拉’所获的一年生成熟枝条为试材,采用传统温棚保温棉被和6种定制的不同保温材料包裹一年生葡萄枝蔓的方法,研究了保温材料包裹后葡萄失水率、脯氨酸、可溶性蛋白质和可溶性糖含量变化,调查越冬后各处理一年生葡萄枝条抽干率、受冻率、萌芽率等指标,以期获得保证葡萄安全越冬的防寒保温材料,旨在筛选出可确保一年生葡萄枝蔓安全越冬的保温材料,为葡萄免埋土越冬提供参考依据。结果表明:越冬期间,不同保温材料保温效果排序为T2>T5>T3>T4>T6>T1>CK,保湿效果排序为T5>T2>T4>T1>T6>T3>CK。随着气温降低,葡萄一年生枝含水量呈下降趋势,电导率、丙二醛、可溶性蛋白质、可溶性糖和脯氨酸含量呈上升趋势,隶属函数综合评价各处理抗寒效果排序为T2>T5>T3>CK>T4>T6>T1,T2枝条萌芽率最高。The annual branches from‘Syrah’(Vitis vinifera L.)grafted on six-year-old‘Beihong’(V.vinifera×V.amurensis)rootstock with high resistance to cold were selected as experimental material.In this experiment,the grapevines were insulated with traditional greenhouse insulation and six different insulation materials,respectively.A comprehensive evaluation of the thermal insulation effect was analyzed by using the membership function method.The percentage of water loss,proline content,soluble protein and soluble sugar content were explored after insulation,the rate of freezing,germination of the annual branch was investigated after overwintering,in order to get insulation materials which could protect the grapevines from winter injury,and provide reference for grape wintering without burying.The results showed that during the overwinter,insulation effect of different insulation materials was ranked as follows T2>T5>T3>T4>T6>T1>CK,and moisturizing effect were ranked as follows T5>T2>T4>T1>T6>T3>CK.The water content of the annual branch showed a downward trend as the temperature decreased,while conductivity,malondialdehyde,soluble proteins,soluble sugars and proline content showed the opposite trend.Cold resistance of various treatments was ordered as follows T2>T5>T3>CK>T4>T6>T1,T2 had the highest budding rate.

关 键 词：葡萄 保温材料 抗逆指标 隶属函数 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]