不同改良措施对重茬和非重茬果园土壤酶活性的影响  

Effects of Different Soil Amendments on the Soil Enzyme Activities in the Replanted Orchard and No Replanted Orchard

作　　者：杜康武 卢幸蓉 贺军强 豆鑫 李潇 许鸿 DU Kangwu;LU Xingrong;HE Junqiang;DOU Xin;LI Xiao;XU Hong(Gansu Construction Investment Ecological Construction Group Co.Ltd.,Lanzhou,Gansu 730000)

机构地区：[1]甘肃建投生态建设集团有限公司,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《北方园艺》2024年第1期76-84,共9页Northern Horticulture

摘　　要：以苹果为试验材料,采用对照(CK)、单施生物菌肥(F)、单施土壤调理剂(M)及二者配施(FM)4种改良措施对重茬和非重茬果园进行改良,研究了重茬和非重茬果园0~20、20~40、40~60 cm土层土壤EC值、pH及酶活性的变化规律,以期为当地重茬和非重茬果园新品种苹果树苗移栽和提升果园土壤质量提供参考依据。结果表明:M处理可显著提高重茬果园0~20 cm土壤pH(8.25),F处理显著降低非重茬果园土壤pH,土壤EC值与pH呈相反趋势;M处理显著提高重茬果园土壤过氧化氢酶活性32.53%;非重茬果园各土层土壤蔗糖酶、脲酶、碱性磷酸酶活性在F处理显著提高78.23%~167.11%、13.79%~20.68%、99.53%~156.33%,在M处理提高14.76%~84.40%、9.31%~40.35%、19.45%~158.43%。重茬和非重茬果园土壤蔗糖酶、脲酶、碱性磷酸酶均与pH呈显著负相关,与EC值呈显著正相关。该研究建议重茬和非重茬果园分别采用单施1500 kg·hm^(-2)土壤调理剂和单施1500 kg·hm^(-2)生物菌肥土壤改良效果较佳,不建议将土壤调理剂与生物菌肥混合施用。Taking apples as the test material,four amendments measures were adopted,control(CK),only application of the bio-fertilizer(F),only application of the soil conditioner(M),and combined application of the bio-fertilizer and soil conditioner(FM)to improve the soil EC value,pH,and enzyme activity in the 0-20,20-40 cm and 40-60 cm soil layers of replanted orchard and no replanted orchard,in order to provide reference for the transplantation of new apple tree seedlings and the improvement of soil quality in the replanted orchard and no replanted orchard.The results showed that F treatment significantly decreased the soil pH in the no replanted orchard,M treatment significantly increased the soil pH of 0-20 cm soil layer in the replanted orchard to 8.25.Soil EC value and pH showed opposite trend.M treatment significantly increased soil catalase activity by 32.53%;the activities of Suc,Ure,and ALP in all soil layers were significantly increased by 78.23%-167.11%,13.79%-20.68%,and 99.53%-156.33% in F treatment,and increased by 14.76%-84.40%,9.31%-40.35%,19.45%-158.43% in M treatment in the no replanted orchard,respectively.The soil Suc,Ure,and ALP were significantly negatively correlated with soil pH and positively correlated with EC value in both replanted and no replanted orchards.In this study,it was suggested that the application of 1500 kg·hm-2 soil conditioner in the replanted orchard and 1500 kg·hm-2 bio-fertilizer in the no replanted orchard,which had better soil improvement effects,and the mixed application of soil conditioner and bio-fertilizer was not recommended in this area.

关 键 词：土壤调理剂 生物菌肥 土壤酶 土壤PH 土壤EC值 

分 类 号：S156.2[农业科学—土壤学]