梧州市5岁以下儿童家长手足口病认知与疫苗接种意愿调查  

Survey on hand-foot-mouth disease awareness and vaccination willingness among parents of children under 5 years old in Wuzhou

作　　者：覃敏兰 潘燕兰 甘武明 练莲[1] 黄浩[1] QIN Minlan;PAN Yanlan;Gan Wuming;Lian Lian;Huang Hao(Wuzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Wuzhou,Guangxi 543002,China)

机构地区：[1]梧州市疾病预防控制中心,广西梧州543002

出　　处：《应用预防医学》2023年第6期377-382,共6页Applied Preventive Medicine

基　　金：梧州市科技计划项目(202102049)。

摘　　要：目的了解梧州市5岁以下儿童家长手足口病认知与疫苗接种意愿,探索其中的影响因素,为该市的手足口病防控提供策略。方法采用分层随机抽样法,在市辖7个县(市、区)选取幼托机构和社区卫生服务中心/乡镇卫生院,对其中接受预防接种服务的5岁以下儿童家长进行面对面问卷调查。采用卡方检验和logistic回归模型分析手足口病知识知晓情况和疫苗接种意愿的影响因素。结果本次共调查儿童家长2930名,手足口病知识总知晓率为27.37%,不同县(市、区)的手足口病知识知晓率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=265.123,P<0.01)。logistic回归模型分析显示,托幼儿童(OR=1.956)、家长类型为父母(OR=1.746)、家长教育程度较高(OR=1.319)、家庭内有医务工作者(OR=0.620)的家长手足口病知识知晓率更高。不愿意或不确定是否接种EV71疫苗及未来多价疫苗的原因主要是“疫苗不一定能预防”、“价格昂贵”和“疫苗不安全”。散居儿童(OR=0.455)、家长教育程度较高(OR=0.759)、家庭内有医务工作者(OR=0.658)、知晓手足口病防病知识(OR=1.765)、听说过手足口病疫苗(OR=2.127)和知晓EV71疫苗的接种年龄(OR=1.753)是疫苗接种意愿的促进因素。结论梧州市5岁以下儿童家长的手足口病知识知晓率处于较低水平,应有针对性地开展手足口病相关知识健康宣教,同时强化疫苗生产、使用等各环节的监管,为推广EV71疫苗等二类疫苗接种奠定坚实基础。Objective To understand the awareness of hand,foot,and mouth disease and vaccination willingness of parents of children under 5 years old in Wuzhou city,explore the influencing factors,and provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of hand,foot,and mouth disease.Methods A stratified random sampling method was used to select childcare institutions and community health service centers/township health centers in 7 counties(cities,districts)under the municipal jurisdiction,and conduct a faceto-face questionnaire survey among parents of children under 5 years old who received vaccination services.Chi-square test and logistic regression model were used to analyze the influencing factors of hand,foot,and mouth disease knowledge and vaccination willingness.Results A total of 2930 parents of children were surveyed,and the total awareness rate of hand,foot,and mouth disease knowledge was 27.37%.The difference in awareness rates of hand,foot,and mouth disease knowledge in different counties(cities,districts)was statistically significant(χ^(2)=265.123,P<0.01).Logistic regression analysis showed that parents with children in daycare(OR=1.956),guardians were parents(OR=1.746),higher educational level(OR=1.319),and medical workers in the family(OR=0.620)had higher awareness of hand,foot,and mouth disease.The main reasons for their unwillingness or uncertainty whether to receive EV71 vaccine and future multivalent vaccines were“the vaccine may not prevent”,“it is expensive”,and“the vaccine is not safe”.Scattered children(OR=0.455),parents with higher education level(OR=0.759),medical workers in the family(OR=0.658),knowledge about hand,foot,and mouth disease prevention(OR=1.765),have heard of hand,foot,and mouth disease vaccine(OR=2.127),and age of knowing EV71 vaccine(OR=1.753)were factors that promoted vaccination willingness.Conclusions The parents of children under 5 years old in Wuzhou city have a low awareness rate of hand,foot and mouth disease.Health education on hand,foot and mouth disease shou

关 键 词：儿童家长 手足口病 疫苗接种意愿 影响因素 

分 类 号：R512.5[医药卫生—内科学]