LED光质影响微藻生长和代谢产物积累的研究进展  

Effects of LED light quality on growth and metabolite accumulation in microalgae:A review

作　　者：孙建瑞[1] 姚琳琳 李菁岚 尤芳芳 原江锋[1] 王大红[1] SUN Jianrui;YAO Linlin;LI Jinglan;YOU Fangfang;YUAN Jiangfeng;WANG Dahong(College of Food and Bioengineering,Henan Engineering Research Center of Food Microbiology,Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang 471000,China;Luoyang Customs,Luoyang 471000,China)

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学食品与生物工程学院、河南省食品微生物工程技术研究中心,河南洛阳471000 [2]洛阳海关,河南洛阳471000

出　　处：《食品与发酵工业》2024年第2期321-328,共8页Food and Fermentation Industries

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31401672);河南省青年人才托举工程项目(2021HYTP027)。

摘　　要：光质是影响微藻生理代谢的重要环境因子之一,它会影响微藻的生长发育、光合作用及代谢产物的积累等。发光二极管(light emitting diode,LED)作为一种新型冷光源,因具有能耗低、稳定性强、颜色多变、安全环保等优点而被广泛应用,且能按需求获得单色光与复合光谱,是一种非常适合于微藻培养的人工光源。已经有越来越多的研究者和企业关注LED光质在调节微藻生长和代谢产物积累方面的优势。该文对现有文献进行整理,重点综述了LED不同光质对微藻生长及代谢产物积累的影响。在LED单色光(红光、蓝光、绿光、黄光和橙光)中以红光和蓝光对不同类群微藻生物量和代谢产物积累的提升最为显著;而LED混合光,特别是红蓝光往往比单色光更能增加微藻生物量和代谢产物的积累。然而,微藻的光合作用、生长及代谢产物积累的最佳光质在不同类群和同一物种的不同藻株中通常有很大差异。未来,LED光质在微藻生产中的应用应该着重从光质影响微藻代谢产物积累的分子机制、开发新型高效LED光源、开发基于LED光质调节的高效光生物反应器、LED光质应用于微藻大规模培养等几个方面开展。Light quality is one of the important environmental factors affecting the physiological metabolism of microalgae,which can affect the growth,development photosynthesis,and metabolite accumulation of microalgae.As a new type of cold light source,a light emitting diode(LED)has been widely used due to its advantages of low energy consumption,strong stability,variable colors,safety and environmental protection,and obtaining monochromatic light and composite spectrum as required.So,it is a very suitable artificial light source for microalgae culture.More and more researchers and enterprises have paid great attention to the advantages of LED light quality in regulating the growth and metabolite accumulation of microalgae.In this paper,the effects of different LED light qualities on the growth and the metabolite accumulation of microalgae were emphatically reviewed.Among LED monochromatic light(red,blue,green,yellow,and orange),red light and blue light had the most significant effect on the biomass and metabolite accumulation of different microalgae groups.LED mixed light,especially red and blue light,could increase the biomass and metabolite accumulation more than monochromatic light.However,the optimal light quality of photosynthesis,growth,and metabolite accumulation of microalgae usually varied greatly in different groups and different algae strains of the same species.In the future,the application of LED light quality in microalgae production should focus on the molecular mechanism of light quality affecting the metabolites accumulation,the development of new and efficient LED light sources,the development of efficient photobioreactors based on LED light quality regulation,and the application of LED light quality in the large-scale culture of microalgae.

关 键 词：微藻 光质 发光二极管 脂质 蛋白质 碳水化合物 类胡萝卜素 

分 类 号：Q945[生物学—植物学]