钙钛矿结构出溶材料的研究进展  

Research progress for perovskite-structure exsolution materials

作　　者：盛彬 梅杰 孟则达 甘甜 SHENG Bin;MEI Jie;MENG Zeda;GAN Tian(School of Chemistry and Life Sciences,Suzhou University of Science and Technology,Suzhou 215009,China)

机构地区：[1]苏州科技大学化学与生命科学学院,苏州215009

出　　处：《复合材料学报》2024年第1期50-59,共10页Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica

基　　金：苏州科技大学科研启动经费(332114509)。

摘　　要：纳米结构催化材料被认为是各种能量转换和存储系统的有利设计理念。负载在氧化物载体上的纳米金属催化剂已被应用于燃料电池、气体传感器和化学重整装置等众多领域。然而,纳米金属催化剂经常存在耐久性问题。尽管表面修饰的纳米金属催化剂可以提供足够的催化活性,但其在恶劣的操作环境中的耐久性问题仍然存在。最近,原位出溶产生的纳米催化剂已被证明可以克服传统纳米金属催化剂的应用局限。出溶被定义为钙钛矿氧化物中具有催化活性的掺杂剂作为高度分散的纳米金属催化剂在其表面上出溶的过程。特别地,嵌入钙钛矿氧化物的出溶纳米催化剂比传统的纳米金属催化剂表现出更高的纳米颗粒密度和更强的抗烧结能力。本文概述了用于能源应用中出溶材料的最新进展,包括基本机制、主体氧化物的设计策略和实际应用。还讨论了这些材料的未来前景和进一步优化的途径。Nanostructured catalytic materials are considered to be a favorable design concept for various energy conversion and storage systems.Nanosized metal catalysts supported on oxide scaffolds have been adopted in numerous fields,including fuel cells,gas sensors,and chemical reforming devices.Nevertheless,nanometal catalysts often suffer from durability issues.Although surface-decorated nanometal catalysts can deliver sufficient catalytic activity,some of them still exhibit durability issues in severe operating environments.Recently,nanocatalysts produced by in situ exsolution have been demonstrated to overcome the practical limitations of conventional nanometal catalysts.The exsolution is defined as a process in which a catalytically active dopant in perovskite oxide is exsolved on its surface as highly dispersed nanometal catalysts.In particular,exsolution nanocatalysts embedded on perovskite oxides exhibit higher nanoparticle densities and greater resistance to particle agglomeration than conventional nanometal catalysts.This perspective presents an overview of recent advances in exsolution materials for energy applications including fundamental mechanisms,design strategies for host oxides,and practical applications.The future prospects of these materials and the scope for further optimization are also discussed.

关 键 词：钙钛矿 金属纳米颗粒 能源装置 电催化剂 出溶 

分 类 号：TM911.4[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动] TB333[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]