大气色散对星地激光单向授时偏差的影响  

Influence of Atmospheric Dispersion on Deviation of Satellite-to-Earth Laser Unidirectional Time Transfer Link

作　　者：邢子轩 卢麟 戴卫恒 项鹏 郑吉林 徐荣 Xing Zixuan;Lu Lin;Dai Weiheng;Xiang Peng;Zheng Jilin;Xu Rong(Institute of Communication Engineering,Army Engineering University of PLA,Nanjing 210007,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]陆军工程大学通信工程学院,江苏南京210007

出　　处：《光学学报》2023年第24期48-56,共9页Acta Optica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(62273355,61974165);国家重点研发计划(2020YFB2205804)。

摘　　要：针对星地激光单向授时受大气色散影响而产生授时偏差的问题,利用气象实测数据建立大气折射率对星地激光单向授时偏差的影响模型。以该模型为基础,分别研究了单星对地授时和四星对地授时模式下,不同地区、不同月份、不同天顶角和激光波长对大气色散引入的单向授时偏差的量值范围和变化规律。结果表明:大气温度越高,大气压强越低,接收天顶角越小,大气色散引入的单向授时偏差越小;星地单向授时偏差在10 ns量级,通常大气色散导致授时偏差的全年波动峰峰值小于1 ns。Objective Free-space laser time transfer techniques have a wide range of application prospects as they have higher accuracy than the traditional global navigation satellite system(GNSS)and better flexibility than fiber-optic time transfer techniques.However,the current research on free-space laser time transfer techniques requires two-way signal transmission and antenna alignment to meet the symmetric reciprocity of channel time delay,resulting in the high complexity and cost of terminal equipment.Consequently,these techniques are mainly utilized for high-precision time transfer of satellite-to-satellite,satellite-to-earth crucial time-frequency nodes and users.Characterized by small user terminal size,low power consumption,good concealment,and plug-and-play convenience without the need for precise two-way alignment,satellite-to-earth laser unidirectional time transfer can combine the high precision of free-space laser time transfer techniques and the flexibility of unidirectional time transfer techniques to overcome the limitation.A significant factor limiting the performance of satellite-to-earth laser unidirectional time transfer is the time transfer deviation introduced by atmospheric dispersion.We can lay a solid foundation for further correcting the deviation and improving the time transfer accuracy by studying the range and fluctuation of atmospheric dispersion on the deviation of satellite-to-earth laser unidirectional time transfer.Methods We employ the meteorological data from China Meteorological Data Network to build a standard atmospheric refractive index layering model using Murray's classical spherically symmetric atmospheric refractive index layering theory,and then build a time transfer deviation model based on the unidirectional time transfer mechanism.On this basis,firstly,the variation of single-satellite-to-earth unidirectional time transfer deviation is simulated and studied.Secondly,the variation of four-satellite-to-earth unidirectional laser time transfer deviation is analyzed.Finally,the

关 键 词：大气光学 星地激光单向授时 大气色散 单向授时偏差 

分 类 号：TN929.12[电子电信—通信与信息系统]