基于Rayleigh激光雷达实验观测的中层大气温度反演与重力波事件识别  

Retrieval of Temperature Structure and Identification of Gravity Wave Events in the Middle Atmosphere from Rayleigh Lidar Observations

作　　者：龚少华[1,2] 陈伟鹏 杨国韬 过建春 徐寄遥 李发泉 王钰茹 张宇豪 符运良 沈振江[1] 刘汉军[1] 王映品[1] 孙书娟 吴伟[1] 刘俊[1] 吕思琪 程学武 Gong Shaohua;Chen Weipeng;Yang Guotao;Guo Jianchun;Xu Jiyao;Li Faquan;Wang Yuru;Zhang Yuhao;Fu Yunliang;Shen Zhenjiang;Liu Hanjun;Wang Yingpin;Sun Shujuan;Wu Wei;Liu Jun;LüSiqi;Cheng Xuewu(College of Physics and Electronic Engineering,Hainan Normal University,Haikou 571158,Hainan,China;State Key Laboratory of Space Weather,National Space Science Center,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430071,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]海南师范大学物理与电子工程学院,海南海口571158 [2]中国科学院国家空间科学中心空间天气国家重点实验室,北京100190 [3]中国科学院精密测量科学与技术创新研究院,湖北武汉430071

出　　处：《光学学报》2023年第24期303-313,共11页Acta Optica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41864005);海南省科技项目(ZDYF2021GXJS040);海南省高层次人才项目(2019RC202);创新创业榕树基金(S202211658010X);海南省生态文明与陆海统筹发展重点实验室专项;空间天气国家重点实验室专项。

摘　　要：基于子午工程激光雷达的大气Rayleigh散射实验观测数据,开展了中层(30~65 km)大气温度结构反演计算和大气重力波事件识别的研究工作。在Chanin-Hauchecorne大气温度反演方法的基础上,采用SABER/TIMED、COSMIC卫星测量数据的对照分析方法,提高了中层大气温度结构反演的准确性;采用小波分析方法提取温度扰动的主要波动成分,并计算重力波活动的垂直波数谱F_(a)(m)和时间频率谱F_(a)(ω),增强了重力波事件识别以及特征参数提取的可靠性。基于设计的数据分析流程,完成了2011—2013年海南激光雷达站观测数据的分析工作,提取202个中层大气重力波事件的特征垂直波长λ_(z)^(*)和特征周期T_(ob)^(*)。统计分析结果显示,海口上空中层大气常见重力波的特征垂直波长为5~9 km,特征周期为5~13 h。该数据分析方法能满足Rayleigh激光雷达对中层大气温度结构精确探测以及重力波活动特性观测研究的需要,可为子午工程激光雷达观测数据的广泛应用提供服务。Objective Gravity wave activities play a key role in atmospheric circulation,and the energy and momentum coupling between the lower atmosphere and the upper atmosphere can be realized via wave propagation from the troposphere to the mesosphere.Based on the Rayleigh scattering of atmospheric molecules,temperature structures in the middle atmosphere can be effectively measured with lidar,and the temperature perturbation induced by wave propagation can be employed to study gravity wave activities.In the past few decades,lidar observations of gravity wave activities in the middle atmosphere have been carried out at many locations globally,and different regional characteristics of gravity wave activities are found at different latitudes.According to the longtime observation data accumulated by the Rayleigh lidar at Haikou(19.9°N,110.3°E),a data analysis process is designed in this study for the retrieval of temperature structures in the middle atmosphere and the identification of atmospheric gravity wave events.It is successfully applied to the regional characteristic investigation of gravity wave activities in the middle atmosphere.Hainan Province locates in the South China Sea,and atmospheric activities in this low-latitude region are significant to the terrestrial climate changes in the global atmospheric circulation system.The developed data analysis process may be helpful to the broader application of the dataset for the Chinese Meridian project,and research on the regional characteristics of gravity wave activities in Hainan Province could be meaningful to building global climate parameterization models.Methods Based on the Rayleigh lidar observations,the temperature structure in the middle atmosphere(30-65 km)is retrieved according to the method introduced by Chanin and Hauchecorne.However,the accuracy of calculation results of atmospheric temperature is related to the signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)of lidar observation data,and a proper reference altitude is also very important to precisely retrieve the temperatu

关 键 词：遥感 激光雷达 中层大气 Rayleigh散射 温度结构 大气重力波 

分 类 号：P425[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]