手工电磁铆接过程及复合材料铆接质量研究  

Study on Manual Electromagnetic Riveting Process and Riveting Quality of Composite Materials

作　　者：杨彦杰 陈昶 魏誉豪 涂俊成 樊西锋 YANG Yanjie;CHEN Chang;WEI Yuhao;TU Juncheng;FAN Xifeng(AVIC Chengdu Aircraft Industrial(Group)Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu 610092,China)

机构地区：[1]航空工业成都飞机工业(集团)有限责任公司,成都610092

出　　处：《航空制造技术》2023年第23期43-51,共9页Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52305146)。

摘　　要：为研究电磁铆接技术的工艺可行性,通过工艺试验探究了手工电磁铆接工艺的可操作性,并从镦头成形、钉孔干涉以及复材损伤3个角度进行了铆接质量分析。结果表明,铝铆钉与钛铌铆钉合适的铆接电压分别为550~600 V和750~790 V。即便是在550 V电压下,电磁铆接的瞬时冲击力也可能使得操作人员不易稳定地固持铆枪和顶铁。易导致镦头斜面、零件表面碰伤及铆卡印等损伤。肌电信号分析结果表明,相比气动锤铆,电磁铆接的冲击力使得操作人员的手臂肌肉负荷增加约50%。铆接质量方面,在复材–钛合金及复材–复材结构上,电磁铆接镦头尺寸均满足工艺要求,复合材料无损伤,且钉孔之间可产生较可靠的干涉配合,但镦头歪斜与边缘小斜面等问题限制了其应用。To study the processability of electromagnetic riveting technology,we explored the feasibility of manually operated electromagnetic riveting by experiments,and analyzed riveting quality through the analysis of rivet formation,the interferences between rivet and hole,as well as the damage of composites.The results show that it may be not easy for operators to hold the riveting gun and top iron stably due to the instantaneous impact force of electromagnetic riveting.Compared with pneumatic hammer riveting,the impact force of electromagnetic riveting increased the muscular load of the operator’s arm by about 50%.In addition,on composite-titanium alloy and composite-composite structures,the size of the titanium-niobium rivet upset head met process requirements without obvious cracks.In addition to no damage observed inside the composite,reliable interferencefit can be formed between the nails and holes.However,the problems of skewed heading and small inclined edges of the heading limit the application of electromagnetic riveting.

关 键 词：电磁铆接 工艺性 可操作性 铆接质量 复合材料 

分 类 号：V261.29[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航制造工程] TG938[金属学及工艺—钳工工艺]