14μm芯径激光搅拌焊接铝合金工艺研究  

Process Research on 14-μm-Core-Diameter Laser Oscillation Welding of Aluminum Alloy

作　　者：王力波 马修泉 朱政武 Wang Libo;Ma Xiuquan;Zhu Zhengwu(School of Mechanical Science&Engineering,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,Hubei,China;Optics Valley Laboratory,Wuhan 430074,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学机械科学与工程学院,湖北武汉430074 [2]湖北光谷实验室,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《中国激光》2023年第24期39-46,共8页Chinese Journal of Lasers

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52175406,52205463);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(YCJJ202202015)。

摘　　要：以14μm小芯径激光作为热源,通过分析搅拌焊接过程中运动轨迹与能量密度的变化,开展了2 mm厚2A12铝合金激光焊接的工艺研究。结果表明:相同参数下14μm小芯径激光焊接中的峰值能量密度最高为100μm芯径激光的15倍以上;在未焊透母材前,随着搅拌频率和焊接速度的变化,接头的深宽比维持在0.68,这得益于14μm小芯径激光的匙孔生成阈值是常规100μm芯径激光的19.1倍,是200μm芯径激光的54.0倍;不同焊接参数下,焊缝未发现明显气孔、裂纹缺陷,最终在焊接速度为20 mm·s-1、搅拌频率为200 Hz时,获得了表面成形质量最佳的焊缝。Objective Aluminum alloys are vital materials for performance improvement and structural weight reduction in automotive,aerospace,and other industries,owing to their high specific strength,corrosion resistance,and low density.However,the physical properties of aluminum alloys,including their high reflectivity,low boiling point,and high coefficient of thermal expansion,have resulted in problems such as low energy utilization,high porosity,and poor weld seam formation in laser welding.With the rapid development of galvanometer scanning technology,the combination of laser technology with galvanometer mirrors,known as laser stir welding,has emerged as a solution to these problems.By investigating the shape of the stirring motion,stirring patterns,and beam diameter during the welding process,researchers have explored effective approaches for achieving high-quality aluminum alloy formation.Nonetheless,challenges persist,including the expansion of the weld pool diameter and the reduction in pool depth,which directly affect the quality of the weld formation.Therefore,to address the low energy utilization(resulting in shallow melting penetration and a large melting width) observed in laser stir welding and to examine the influence of a small spot generated by collimating and focusing a small-core-diameter laser on the weld formation quality of aluminum alloys,this study investigates the aluminum alloy welding seam formation under different welding process parameters with 2-mm-thick 2A12 aluminum alloy as the research object.Methods Before welding,the surface of the test specimen is prepared by grinding with a steel wire brush to remove the surface oxide film.Subsequently,the surface is wiped with an acetone solution to eliminate any oil contamination.The 2A12 aluminum alloy is subjected to laser stir welding in a flat-plate configuration,and the circular motion of the laser beam is achieved using a twodimensional galvanometer.After welding,the surface morphology of the welds is examined using a metallographic microscope.M

关 键 词：激光技术 小芯径 铝合金 搅拌焊接 焊缝成形 

分 类 号：TG456.7[金属学及工艺—焊接]