基于双振镜激光扫描的玻璃纤维复合板直壁孔制造  

Drilling Straight-Walled Holes in Glass Fiber-Reinforced Composites by Double Galvanometer Laser Scanning

作　　者：张聘 乔亚庆 苏晓慧 高辉 熊伟 邓磊敏 Zhang Pin;Qiao Yaqing;Su Xiaohui;Gao Hui;Xiong Wei;Deng Leimin(Wuhan National Laboratory of Optoelectronics,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,Hubei,China;Optical Valley Laboratory,Wuhan 430074,Hubei,China;Aviation Key Lab of Science and Technology on High Performance Electromagnetic Windows,AVIC Research Institute for Special Structures of Aeronautical Composite,Jinan 250023,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学武汉光电国家研究中心,湖北武汉430074 [2]湖北光谷实验室,湖北武汉430074 [3]航空工业济南特种结构研究所高性能电磁窗航空科技重点实验室,山东济南250023

出　　处：《中国激光》2023年第24期208-215,共8页Chinese Journal of Lasers

摘　　要：为改善玻璃纤维复合材料制孔的精度和质量,本文提出了一种双振镜激光扫描加工方法。双振镜激光扫描加工系统共包括4片可偏转反射镜,4片反射镜协同运动可以实现对扫描激光的四轴(x,y,α,β)控制,其中x和y为激光焦点在二维平面的位置,α和β为扫描激光的入射角度。基于双振镜激光扫描加工系统开展了玻璃纤维复合材料的制孔实验,通过调节激光入射角度和激光扫描策略,在厚度为3.6 mm的玻璃纤维复合材料板上加工了侧壁完全垂直的孔,孔直径可达10 mm,热影响区宽度小于10μm,侧壁表面粗糙度小于2μm,没有发现材料分层和纤维拔出等缺陷。Objective Glass fiber-reinforced composite plates(GFRP) possess several advantageous properties,such as wear resistance,corrosion resistance,a high strength-to-weight ratio,and high fracture toughness.Hence,they have found extensive applications in the aviation,automotive,shipbuilding,and chemical industries.However,the distinctive structure of GFRP results in significant challenges during drilling processes,particularly when aiming for high-quality holes.Mechanical and water jet drilling methods often introduce defects,such as delamination and fiber pull-out.Hence,laser processing has emerged as a viable alternative.It eliminates the interaction forces between the laser and material owing to being a noncontact method,effectively avoiding the aforementioned defects.Consequently,it has proven to be an effective method for drilling GFRP.However,laser punching drilling and two-axis laser scanning drilling suffer from limited laser control flexibility and difficulties in eliminating sidewall tapering.Moreover,laser punching drilling is only suitable for processing small circular holes.Although laser rotary cutting and five-axis laser drilling can adjust the laser angle-of-incidence and eliminate sidewall taper,their maximum processing diameter does not exceed 5 mm,limiting the drilling of larger holes.This study proposes a four-axis laser scanning processing technique based on a dual galvanometer system.The proposed technique successfully eliminates sidewall tapering and expands the range of hole diameters that can be processed.Methods This study used two galvanometers to construct a four-axis laser scanning system,enabling four-axis laser scanning through a correspondence between the four-axis coordinates of the laser focus and deflection angles of the galvanometer mirrors.The experimental material was a 3.6 mm thick GFRP.The laser employed in the experiment had a pulse width and wavelength of 436 fs and 1030 nm,respectively.Following its passage through the four-axis laser-scanning system,the laser was focused onto

关 键 词：激光技术 激光钻孔 四轴激光扫描 玻璃纤维复合材料 飞秒激光 

分 类 号：TN05[电子电信—物理电子学]