应用SF-36量表分析尘肺病患者生命质量的影响因素  

Influencing factors of SF-36 scale on analyzing quality of life in patients with pneumoconiosis

作　　者：李小萌 任丽萍 孙飞霞 宋玉萍 高朴洁 LI Xiaomemg;REN Liping;SUN Feixia;SONG Yuping;GAO Pujie(Shandong First Medical University(Shandong Provincial Academy of Medical Sciences),Shandong Provincial Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine,Jinan Shandong,250062,China)

机构地区：[1]山东第一医科大学(山东省医学科学院),山东省职业卫生与职业病防治研究院,山东济南250062

出　　处：《职业与健康》2023年第23期3169-3173,共5页Occupation and Health

基　　金：山东省医药卫生科技发展计划项目(2017WS829);山东省医药卫生科技发展计划项目(202014050602)。

摘　　要：目的 了解山东省尘肺病患者生命质量现状并分析其影响因素,为提出改善尘肺病患者生命质量的有效对策提供科学依据。方法 2018年12月—2021年1月,采用便利抽样法,选取山东省5个地区6所职业病防治院526例尘肺病患者作为研究对象,采用自制问卷和健康状况调查表(36-item short form health survey,SF-36)对个人基本信息、疾病基本情况进行问卷调查,采用多重线性回归分析生命质量的影响因素。结果 尘肺病患者生命质量生理综合评分为(160.76±73.54)分,心理综合评分为(214.14±76.39)分,总分为(374.91±135.98)分。8个维度平均分由高到低依次为社会功能[(68.23±28.60)分]、心理健康[(61.51±16.64)分]、躯体疼痛[(59.66±20.75)分]、活力[(52.34±18.99)分]、生理功能[(47.21±24.19)分]、情感职能[(32.07±12.54)分]、总体健康[(31.03±19.54)分]、生理职能[(22.86±17.72)分],得分均低于全国常模。多重线性回归结果显示,呼吸困难、体力活动受限程度、经济负担、生活自理程度和家庭成员支持程度显著影响生理健康;呼吸困难、体力活动受限程度、经济负担和生活自理程度显著影响心理健康。结论 尘肺病患者的生命质量不高,尤其生理健康状况较差。在对尘肺病患者生命质量管理进行干预时,要全面考虑到患者的呼吸困难分级、生活自理程度、经济负担及活动能力等方面的影响。客观、准确评估患者病情,积极治疗尘肺病及并存疾病,加强疾病宣教,提高患者认知程度,延缓病情进展,提高患者的生命质量。Objective To understand the current situation of the quality of life of patients with pneumoconiosis in Shandong Province,and analyze its influencing factors,so as to provide a scientific basis for proposing effective countermeasures for improving the quality of life of patients with pneumoconiosis. Methods From December 2018 to January 2021,a convenient sampling method was used to select 526 patients with pneumoconiosis in six occupational disease prevention and treatment hospitals in five regions of Shandong Province as the research objects.The questionnaire survey on personal basic information and disease situation was conducted by using the self-made questionnaires and 36-item short form health survey(SF-36).The influencing factors of quality of life were analyzed by multiple linear regression. Results The comprehensive physiological score of quality of life in patients with pneumoconiosis was(160.76±73.54)points,the comprehensive psychological score was(214.14±76.39)points,and the total score was(374.91±135.98)points.The average scores of the eight dimensions from high to low were social function[(68.23 ±28.60)points],mental health [(61.51 ±16.64)points],body pain [(59.66 ±20.75)points],vitality [(52.34 ±18.99)points],physiological function[(47.21±24.19)points],role emotion[(32.07±12.54)points],general health[(31.03±19.54)points] and role physical[(22.86±17.72)points],which all were lower than the national norms. The multiple linear regression results showed that dyspnea,limited physical activity,economic burden,self-care and family support significantly affected physiological health,while dyspnea,limited physical activity,financial burden,and self-care significantly affected mental health.Conclusions The patients with pneumoconiosis have a low quality of life,especially poor physical health.When intervening in the quality of life management of patients with pneumoconiosis,the impact of the patient's breathing difficulty grading,self-care,economic burden and activity ability should be fully consid

关 键 词：尘肺病 生命质量 健康状况调查表 

分 类 号：R135.2[医药卫生—劳动卫生]