外施硝态氮肥对玉米苗期涝害的缓解效应  

Alleviation Effect of Exogenous Nitrate Fertilizers on Maize Seedlings under Waterlogging Stress

作　　者：于秋鸿 周斌 谢雨鑫 宋希云[1] 陈子仪 孔雪晴 李军[1] Yu Qiuhong;Zhou Bin;Xie Yuxin;Song Xiyun;Chen Ziyi;Kong Xueqing;Li Jun(College of Agronomy,Qingdao Agricultural University,Qingdao 266109,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛农业大学农学院,山东青岛266109

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2024年第1期126-132,共7页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金面上项目(ZR2020MC109)。

摘　　要：本试验以玉米郑单958为材料,研究叶面喷施不同硝态氮肥对苗期涝害的缓解效应。结果表明,与对照(CK)相比,淹水处理(T1)第7天时幼苗株高、鲜重和干重显著降低;淹水+叶面喷施KNO3(T2)处理下幼苗地上部和根的鲜重、干重分别比T1显著增加21.7%、45.5%和32.9%、49.6%,淹水+叶面喷施Ca(NO_(3))_(2)(T3)处理下幼苗鲜重、干重比T1略有增加。与CK相比,T1处理叶片MDA和H2O2含量第5天后均显著增加,之前也有所增加;外施硝态氮肥明显降低过氧化胁迫,第5天时T2处理叶片的MDA和H_(2)O_(2)含量分别比T1下降9.1%、14.9%,T3处理分别比T1下降2.1%和14.6%。与CK相比,T1处理叶片可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量略有降低,但脯氨酸含量显著增加;T2处理第1天和第5天时可溶性糖含量比T1处理显著增加44.5%和23.8%,T3处理第1天时可溶性糖含量比T1显著增加36.5%,脯氨酸含量仅在T2处理下显著增加。与CK相比,T1处理叶片抗氧化酶活性均有降低,且多半达到显著水平;外施硝态氮肥提高淹水胁迫下的抗氧化酶活性,T2处理第5天时叶片SOD、POD和CAT活性分别比T1提高25.1%、12.4%和22.1%;T3处理第5天时SOD和POD活性分别比T1提高6.4%和52.9%,但CAT活性略有下降。可见,外施KNO3比Ca(NO_(3))_(2)对涝害的缓解效应更显著。Here we explored the alleviation effect of exogenous nitrate fertilizers by foliar application on maize seedlings under waterlogging stress using the cultivar Zhengdan 958 as material.The results showed that the plant height(PH),fresh weight(FW)and dry weight(DW)of maize seedlings were significantly re-duced under waterlogging stress(T1)for 7 days compared to the control(CK).After spraying KNO_(3) solution under waterlogging stress(T2),the FW and DW of shoots and roots of seedlings were significantly increased by 21.7%and 45.5%,and 32.9%and 49.6%,respectively,compared with T1.A slight increase in FW and DW of seedlings was found after spraying Ca(NO_(3))_(2) solution under waterlogging stress(T_(3))compared with T1.Compared with CK,the contents of MDA and H_(2)O_(2) under T1 treatment increased significantly after the 5 days,and also increased before.External application of nitrate nitrogen fertilizers significantly reduced oxida-tive stress.On the 5th day,the contents of MDA and H2O2 under T2 treatment were 9.1%and 14.9%lower than those under T1 treatment respectively,and those under T3 treatment were 2.1%and 14.6%lower.The soluble sugar and soluble protein contents decreased slightly,but proline content increased significantly under T1 treatment compared to CK.The soluble sugar content on the 1st and 5th days of T2 treatment increased sig-nificantly by 44.5%and 23.8%compared with T1 treatment,and the proline content was also significantly en-hanced.The soluble sugar content on the 1st day of T3 treatment increased significantly by 36.5%compared with T1 treatment.Compared with CK,the activity of antioxidant enzymes under T1 treatment decreased,and most reached significant level.The external application of nitrate nitrogen fertilizers increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes under waterlogging stress.The SOD,POD and CAT activities in maize leaves under T2 treatment for 5 days increased by 25.1%,12.4%and 22.1%respectively compared with T1 treatment.The SOD and POD activities under T3 treatment for 5 days in

关 键 词：玉米 淹水胁迫 硝酸钾 硝酸钙 

分 类 号：S513.06[农业科学—作物学]