秸秆有机肥全生命周期碳排放核算及碳减排措施  

Accounting of Carbon Emission from Straw Organic Fertilizer during Its Whole Life Cycle and Carbon Reduction Measures

作　　者：石岩 李妍 冯磊 吴迪[1] 李冰 SHI Yan;LI Yan;FENG Lei;WU Di;LI Bing(Tianjin Academy of Agricultual Sciences,Tianjin 300384,China;Tianjin Agricultural Development Service Center,Tianjin 300061,China)

机构地区：[1]天津市农业科学院,天津300384 [2]天津市农业发展服务中心,天津300061

出　　处：《天津农业科学》2024年第1期79-83,90,共6页Tianjin Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：科技智库青年人才计划“蔬菜秸秆有机肥在设施农业中固碳量及碳排放效应评价”(20220615ZZ07110231);天津市科技支撑项目“蔬菜秸秆膜处理技术及装备研发”(20YFZCSN00740)。

摘　　要：秸秆作为农业生产重要的副产物和有机肥源,可以加工成有机肥,合理替代化肥,是农业生产化肥减量、增效的重要手段。本研究针对秸秆有机肥的产品特征,基于国际通用方法学,采用排放因子法,科学建立了秸秆有机肥全生命周期的碳排放核算方法,并以天津市某农业园区作为示范,核算了区域内蔬菜秸秆有机肥全生命周期的碳排放量,并提出减排措施。结果表明:秸秆有机肥生产及资源化利用的全生命周期过程中,有机肥好氧发酵产生的CH4和N2O的碳排放量所占比重较大,应采取改进好氧发酵装备结构、优化有机肥生产线的设备选型、提高成套装备的智能化水平、就近加工利用、采用节能型运输车辆等技术手段,有效降低秸秆有机肥全生命周期的碳排放量。研究成果为精准掌握农业碳排放情况及评估农业减排措施的效果提供了技术支撑。As an important by-product and the source of organic fertilizer of agricultural production,straw can be processed into organic fertilizer and reasonably replace the chemical fertilizer,which was an important method of reducing the application rate of chemical fertilize and increasing its efficiency in agricultural production.This study focused on the product characteristics of straw organic fertilizer and was based on international general methodology.The emission factor method was adopted and the carbon emission accounting method for the whole life cycle of straw organic fertilizer was scientifically established.An agriculture demonstration district was taken as a demonstration in Tianjin,the carbon emission during the whole life cycle of vegetable straw organic fertilizer in the region was calculated,and the emission reduction measures were proposed.The results showed that in the whole life cycle of straw organic fertilizer production and resource utilization,the carbon emissions of CH4 and N2O generated by aerobic fermentation of organic fertilizer accounted for a large proportion.Technical means such as improving the structure of aerobic fermentation equipment,optimizing the equipment selection of organic fertilizer production lines,improving the intelligence level of complete sets of equipment,nearby processing and utilization,and adopting energy-saving transport vehicles should be adopted to effectively reduce the carbon emissions of straw organic fertilizer throughout its life cycle.The research results provide technical support for accurately grasping agricultural carbon emissions and evaluating the effect of agricultural emission reduction measures.

关 键 词：秸秆有机肥 全生命周期 碳排放 碳核算 排放因子法 

分 类 号：X71[环境科学与工程—环境工程]