19世纪下半叶俄国地方史的编撰与乌克兰民族主义思想的发展  

The Compilation of Russian Local History in the Second Half of the 19^(th)Century and the Development of Nationalist Thought in Ukraine

作　　者：庄宇 Zhuang Yu

机构地区：[1]北京大学历史学系

出　　处：《俄罗斯研究》2023年第6期117-140,共24页Russian Studies

基　　金：北京大学文科创新性项目“十九世纪乌克兰民族主义思想研究”的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：19世纪初德意志浪漫主义思潮和民族主义史观在东欧的传播,进一步促进了各地区民族意识的觉醒。多民族国家内部矛盾逐渐升级,民族主义问题成为俄罗斯帝国亟待解决的社会矛盾之一。俄国西南地区深受波兰民族主义运动影响。19世纪20至30年代,沙皇政府武力镇压民族运动,强力推广俄罗斯化政策,进一步激化了民族矛盾。在地缘政治和民族主义的双重影响下,处于夹缝中的乌克兰民族意识逐渐觉醒。19世纪中后期,借俄国地方史编撰的契机,经乌克兰民族知识分子的阐释,民族主义思想的内涵得以进一步丰富。特别是历史学家科斯托马罗夫和格鲁舍夫斯基等人的著作和政论的出版,使乌克兰地区完成了从民俗学到史学的民族历史文化建构。到19世纪末20世纪初,乌克兰民族主义叙事框架基本确立。The spread of German romanticism and historical views of nationalism in Eastern Europe in the early 19~(th)century further promoted the awakening of national consciousness in various regions.Internal conflicts in nation-states gradually escalated,and the issue of nationalism became one social problem which urgently needed to be solved in the Tsarist Russian Empire.Southwest Russia was deeply influenced by Polish nationalist movement.In the 1820s and 1830s,the tsarist government's forceful suppression of national movements and its determined pursuit of Russification policy further intensified ethnic conflicts.Under dual influences of geopolitics and nationalism,Ukrainian national consciousness,caught in the middle,gradually awakened.In the mid-to-late 19th century,taking advantage of the opportunity of compiling Russian local history and through Ukrainian national intellectuals'interpretation,the connotation of nationalist thought was further enriched.In particular,the publication of works and political commentaries by historians such as Kostomarov and Grushevsky enabled the Ukrainian region to complete the construction of national history and culture from folklore to historiography.By the end of the 19~(th)century and the beginning of the 20~(th)century,the narrative framework of Ukrainian nationalism was basically established.

关 键 词：乌克兰民族主义 乌克兰历史叙事 乌克兰知识分子 俄国地方史编纂 

分 类 号：D751.1[政治法律—政治学]