“新哈萨克斯坦”政治改革分析  

Analysis of political reforms in the“new Kazakhstan”

作　　者：张宁[1] Zhang ning

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院俄罗斯东欧中亚研究所中亚与高加索研究室

出　　处：《俄罗斯研究》2023年第6期141-166,共26页Russian Studies

摘　　要：哈萨克斯坦2022年“一月骚乱”后,托卡耶夫从纳扎尔巴耶夫手中接管了全部权力,成为实质上的全权总统。这标志着纳扎尔巴耶夫时代结束,托卡耶夫执政时代开启。托卡耶夫于2022年提出全新的政治、经济和社会改革方案,开启建设“新哈萨克斯坦”和“哈萨克斯坦第二共和国”。“新哈萨克斯坦”的政治改革以“先政治后经济”理念为指导,以“公正”为核心,以“强力的总统-权威的议会-负责任的政府”政体模式为目标,旨在打造新型国家管理体制和模式。实践证明,托卡耶夫的政治改革顺应了民情,符合哈萨克斯坦独立30年后的发展需求,取得了不错的效果,有助于社会稳定,也为哈萨克斯坦赢得了国际声誉。与此同时,由于改革触动了既得利益集团,加上国内和国际环境变化,实施过程中也面临一定困难。After the“January Riots”in Kazakhstan in 2022,Tokayev took over all power from Nazarbayev and became the de facto full-power president.This marks the end of the Nazarbayev era and the beginning of the Tokayev era.Tokayev proposed a new political,economic and social reform plan in 2022,starting the construction of a“new Kazakhstan”and a“Second Republic of Kazakhstan”.The political reform of“new Kazakhstan”is guided by the concept of“first politics,then economics”,with“justice”as the core,and with the goal of the“strong president-authoritative parliament-responsible government”political system model,aiming to create a new type and model of national management system.Practice has proven that Tokayev's political reforms conform to public sentiment and meet Kazakhstan's development needs 30 years after its independence.It has achieved good results,contributed to social stability,and won Kazakhstan international reputation.At the same time,because the reform has touched vested interest groups and due to the changes in the domestic and international environment,there are also certain difficulties in the implementation process.

关 键 词：新哈萨克斯坦 哈萨克斯坦政治改革 托卡耶夫 哈萨克斯坦宪法改革 

分 类 号：D736.1[政治法律—政治学]