电工圆铝杆的铝熔体炉内精炼工艺现状与展望  

Current Status and Prospects of Aluminum Melt Furnace Refining Process for Electrical Round Aluminum Rod

作　　者：袁声波 郝峰焱 周凡 王正兴 金会心[2] 黄润[2] 顾炜 YUAN Shengbo;HAO Fengyan;ZHOU Fan;WANG Zhengxing;JIN Huixin;HUANG Run;GU Wei(Alloy Business Department of China Aluminum Guizhou Branch,Guiyang 551405,China;School of Materials and Metallurgy,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]中铝贵州分公司合金化事业部,贵阳551405 [2]贵州大学材料与冶金学院,贵阳550025

出　　处：《精密成形工程》2024年第2期71-78,共8页Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52164036);国家自然科学基金(U1960201)。

摘　　要：近年来随着电力行业的飞速发展,普通圆铝杆已经无法满足电力行业的实际需要,亟需生产具备高强度、高导电率等优异性能的电工圆铝杆,以助力电力行业的发展。铝熔体的炉内精炼是生产高品质电工圆铝杆的基础及技术关键,但受限于熔体中夹杂的去除、杂质元素(Fe、Si、Mn、Ti、V、Cr等)、除气装备、测夹杂和测氢能力等影响因素,无法很好地满足生产高品质产品的需要。当前,许多学者致力于研究高效环保的新型精炼剂和更为先进的精炼装备与技术,目的是改善传统炉内精炼技术存在的精炼效果不好、对环境产生负面影响、精炼自动化程度低等问题。而未来铝熔体炉内精炼技术的发展也应该呈现为更加安全、环保、高效的趋势。重点介绍了铝熔体的炉内熔剂和气体精炼原理、炉内精炼技术现状、铝熔体中夹杂和氢的检测方法及其他杂质元素的去除现状,同时还对传统炉内精炼技术的不足及改进方向提出建议和展望,旨在为炉内铝熔体的高品质精炼和后续高质量电工圆铝杆的生产提供参考。In recent years,with the rapid development of the power industry,ordinary round aluminum rods have been unable to meet the actual needs of the power industry.There is an urgent need to produce electrical round aluminum rods with excellent properties such as high strength and high conductivity to help the development of the power industry.The furnace refining of aluminum melt is the foundation and technical key for producing high-quality electrical round aluminum rods,but there are still many shortcomings due to limitations in the removal of inclusions and impurity elements(Fe,Si,Mn,Ti,V,Cr,etc.),degassing equipment,and the ability to measure inclusions and hydrogen.Currently,many scholars are committed to studying efficient and environmentally friendly new refining agents and more advanced refining equipment and technologies,with the aim of improving the problems of traditional furnace refining technology,such as insufficient refining efficiency,environmental pollution,and low level of refining automation.The development of furnace refining technology for aluminum melt in the future should also present a trend of being safer,more environmentally friendly,and more efficient.The work aims to summarize the principles of furnace flux and gas refining,the current status of furnace refining technology in China and abroad,the detection methods for inclusions and hydrogen in aluminum melt,and the removal status of other impurity elements.At the same time,suggestions and prospects for the shortcomings and improvement directions of traditional furnace refining technology are also proposed,aiming to provide reference for the high-quality refining of furnace aluminum melt and the subsequent production of high-quality electrical round aluminum rods.

关 键 词：电工圆铝杆 铝熔体 炉内精炼 夹杂物 氢 

分 类 号：TG292[金属学及工艺—铸造]