油菜抗寒性和寒旱区油菜育种探析  

Advances in Research on Cold Resistance of Rapeseed and Analysis of Rapeseed Breeding in Cold and Dry Regions of China

作　　者：李积铭[1] 张耀文[2] 郭安强[1] 翟兰菊 李和平[1] 李爱国[1] LI Jiming;ZHANG Yaowen;GUO Anqiang;ZHAI Lanju;LI Heping;LI Aiguo(Institute of Dry Farming,Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Key Lab of Crop Drought Tolerance Research of Hebei Province,Hengshui 053000,China;Hybrid Rapeseed Research Center of Shaanxi Province,Yangling 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省农林科学院旱作农业研究所,河北省农作物抗旱研究实验室,河北衡水053000 [2]陕西省杂交油菜研究中心,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《华北农学报》2023年第S01期131-144,共14页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica

基　　金：河北省现代农业产业技术体系(HBCT2023030203);河北农林科学院科技创新专项(2022KJCXZX-HZS-5);国家油菜产业技术体系(CARS-12)。

摘　　要：为了能够更加清晰地了解我国寒旱区冬油菜抗寒性研究进展,对寒旱区冬油菜育种与生产提供理论支撑。从选择指标与方法、遗传规律、选育方法、筛选效果、种质分类、分子机理研究等6个方面和选育方法、育成品种、品种的抗寒性分级和品种的适应性筛选等4个方面分别对冬油菜的抗寒性、抗寒性品种的研究进展进行了归纳总结。在分析研究存在的问题的基础上,提出了多途径创制种质资源、综合评价筛选出核心种质、开展抗寒机理研究和分子设计育种创新体系建设、构建育种体系多途径开展抗寒性品种选育、综合筛选提高品种的适应性、推行配套栽培技术促进品种产量水平的发挥提高效益等6项措施,以期促进我国寒旱区油菜的发展。In order to have a clearer understanding of the research progress on cold resistance of winter rapeseed in cold and arid regions of China,and to provide theoretical support for breeding and production.The research progress of cold-resistance and cold-resistance breeding of winter rapeseed were summarized respectively from six aspects such as selection index and method,genetic law,breeding method,screening effect,germplasm classification and molecular mechanism research,and four aspects such as breeding method,breeding varieties,cold resistance classification and adaptability screening of varieties.Based on the analysis of the existing problems,six measures were put forward,such as creating germplasm resources by multiple ways,screening out core germplasm by comprehensive evaluation,carrying out research on cold-resistance mechanism and construction of innovation system of molecular design breeding,constructing breeding system and carrying out cold-resistance breeding by multiple ways,improving the adaptability of varieties by comprehensive screening,promoting varieties yield level and improving benefits by carrying out matching cultivation techniques,in order to promote the development of rapeseed production in cold and arid regions of our country.

关 键 词：油菜育种 寒旱区 研究进展 存在问题 发展建议 

分 类 号：S565.01[农业科学—作物学]