多熟复种模式提高南方稻田土壤团聚体稳定性以及有机碳含量  

Improving the Stability of Soil Aggregates and the Content of Organic Carbon in Paddy Fields in Southern China by Multiple Cropping Mode

作　　者：张玮 周梦瑶[1,2] 张乐妍 熊瑞 郭慧娟 徐莹 傅志强 龙攀[1,2] ZHANG Wei;ZHOU Mengyao;ZHANG Leyan;XIONG Rui;GUO Huijuan;XU Ying;FU Zhiqiang;LONG Pan(College of Agronomy,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,China;Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Molecular Biology,Changsha 410128,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学农学院,湖南长沙410128 [2]作物生理与分子生物学教育部重点实验室,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《华北农学报》2023年第S01期331-338,共8页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica

基　　金：湖南省教育厅重点科研项目(20A256);国家自然科学基金项目(31501277)。

摘　　要：为探究长期不同多熟复种模式对稻田土壤结构及有机碳分布的影响。以空闲-早稻-晚稻(WF-R-R)模式为对照,设置油菜-早稻-晚稻(RP-R-R)、紫云英-早稻-晚稻(MV-R-R)、马铃薯-早稻-晚稻(PO-R-R)、黑麦草-早稻-晚稻(RG-R-R)4种多熟模式。结果表明,在5~10 cm土层,多熟模式均增加了>2 mm粒级水稳性团聚体含量;其中,RG-R-R模式比对照显著高11.26百分点,平均重量直径(MWD)显著高于对照。在0~5 cm土层中,多熟模式均提高了有机碳含量;在0~20 cm土层中RG-R-R模式SOC含量最高,在各土层中的SOC含量较对照分别增加9.57%(0~5 cm),4.45%(5~10 cm),5.96%(10~20 cm)。随着土层加深以及团聚体粒级下降,多熟模式模式下土壤有机碳含量较对照增加的越明显,在<0.053mm粒级下,RG-R-R模式的土壤有机碳含量显著高于对照。土壤团聚体有机碳的贡献率主要来自>2 mm粒级(59.03%~79.33%),在5~10 cm土层中,其中RP-R-R、MV-R-R、PO-R-R、RG-R-R模式的>2 mm粒级中团聚体碳的贡献率较对照显著提高了5.48,8.50,7.18,14.65百分点。综上,在本研究中,采用黑麦草-早稻-晚稻(RG-R-R)模式有利于南方稻田土壤团聚体稳定和有机碳的固定。To explore the effects of long-term multi-cropping patterns on soil structure and organic carbon distribution in paddy fields.With fallow-rice-rice(WF-R-R)model as the control,four multi-cropping models were set up:rape-rice-ric(RP-R-R),Chinese milk vetch-rice-rice(MV-R-R),Potato-rice-rice(PO-R-R),ryegrass-rice-rice(RG-R-R).The results showed that in 5-10 cm soil layer,the contents of water-stable aggregates with size of>2 mm were increased in the multi-cropping pattern.The RG-R-R mode was 11.26 percentage points higher than the control,and the mean weight diameter(MWD)was significantly higher than the control.In 0-5 cm soil layer,the organic carbon content was increased by multi-cropping mode.The SOC content in RG-R-R mode was the highest in 0-20 cm soil layer,and the SOC content in each soil layer was increased by 9.57%(0-5 cm),4.45%(5-10 cm)and 5.96%(10-20 cm),respectively,compared with the control.With the deepening of soil layer and the decrease of aggregate particle size,the soil organic carbon content in the multi-cropping model increased more significantly than that in the control.When the size was<0.053 mm,the soil organic carbon content in the RG-R-R model was significantly higher than that in the control.The contribution rate of soil aggregate organic carbon mainly came from the>2 mm grain size(59.03%-79.33%).In the 5-10 cm soil layer,the contribution rate of aggregate carbon in the>2 mm size of MV-R-R,PO-R-R and RG-R-R models was significantly increased by 8.5,7.18 and 14.65 percentage points compared with the control.In conclusion,in this study,the ryegrass-rice-rice(RG-R-R)model was conducive to soil aggregate stability and organic carbon fixation in southern paddy fields.

关 键 词：稻田 冬种绿肥 多熟复种模式 土壤团聚体 土壤有机碳 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学] S143