Nb对车用不锈钢表面FeCoNi熔覆层组织及耐磨性的影响  

Effect of Nb on Microstructure and Wear Resistance of FeCoNi Coating on Stainless Steel Surface for Vehicle

作　　者：陶长虎 陶欣 马志平 张剑 Tao Changhu;Tao Xin;Ma Zhiping;Zhang Jian(Jiangsu Sheyang Secondary Vocational School,Yancheng 224300,Jiangsu,China;School of Energy Resources,China University of Geosciences(Beijing),Beijing,100083,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Shandong University of Technology,Zibo 255000,Shandong,China;Shandong Taishan Iron&Steel Group Co.,Ltd.,Jinan 271100,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省射阳中等专业学校,江苏盐城224300 [2]中国地质大学(北京)能源学院,北京100083 [3]山东理工大学材料学院,山东淄博255000 [4]山东泰山钢铁集团有限公司,山东济南271100

出　　处：《应用激光》2023年第12期14-20,共7页Applied Laser

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金委员会资助项目(ZR2020QE145);江苏省职业教育教学改革研究课题(ZYB179)。

摘　　要：为提升车用304不锈钢表面硬度及耐磨性,利用激光熔覆技术在304不锈钢表面制备FeCoNiNb等原子比中熵合金熔覆层。利用金相显微镜、扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪、显微硬度计及往复摩擦磨损试验机,分别对FeCoNiNb熔覆层和FeCoNi熔覆层的微观组织、元素分布、相组成、显微硬度及耐磨性进行研究。结果表明,FeCoNi熔覆层相组成为FCC固溶体结构,由枝晶、枝晶间组织组成。而FeCoNiNb熔覆层不仅存在FCC结构,而且在枝晶间区域生成富含Nb元素的Laves相。生成的Laves相显著提高了熔覆层的显微硬度,FeCoNiNb熔覆层的显微硬度为733 HV±10.4 HV,约为FeCoNi熔覆层的3.5倍。FeCoNiNb熔覆层的平均摩擦系数约为0.427,磨损率为2.45×10^(-6)×10^(-6)mm^(3)·N^(-1)·m^(-1),约为FeCoNi熔覆层的0.37倍。磨损机理为磨粒磨损。综上,FeCoNiNb中熵合金熔覆层可显著提升车用304不锈钢的显微硬度及耐磨性。In order to improve the surface hardness and wear resistance of 304 stainless steel for vehicle used,the laser cladding technology was used to prepared FeCoNiNb entropy-alloy cladding layer on 304 stainless steel surface.The microstructure,element distribution,phase composition,microhardness,and wear resistance of FeCoNiNb cladding and FeCoNi cladding were studied by metallography microscope,scanning electron microscope,X-ray diffractometer,microhardness tester and reciprocating friction,and wear tester.The results showd that FeCoNi cladding layer has FCC solid solution structure,which was composed of dendrite and interdendrite structure.FeCoNiNb cladding layer not only had FCC structure,but also generated Nb-rich Laves phase in the interdendrite region.The microhardness of FeCoNiNb cladding layer was 733 HV±10.4 HV,which was about 3.5 times that of FeCoNi cladding layer.The average friction coefficient of FeCoNiNb cladding layer was about 0.427,and the wear rate was 2.45×10^(-6)(N·m),which was about 0.37 times of FeCoNi cladding layer.The wear mechanism is abrasive wear.In conclusion,FeCoNiNb intermediate entropy alloy cladding layer can significantly improve the microhardness and wear resistance of 304 stainless steel for automotive used.

关 键 词：激光熔覆 FeCoNiNb中熵合金 显微硬度 耐磨性 Nb元素 

分 类 号：O436[机械工程—光学工程]