2016—2022年武汉市0~6岁儿童出生队列DTaP-IPV/Hib联合疫苗接种情况动态分析  

Dynamic Evaluation of the DTaP-IPV/Hib Vaccination Status in the Birth Cohort of Children Aged 0~6 in Wuhan from 2016 to 2022

作　　者：刘毅俊 陈大杰 熊越华 杨小兵[1] 邹娇娇 裴红兵[3] Liu Yijun;Chen Dajie;Xiong Yuehua;Yang Xiaobing;Zou Jiaojiao;Pei Hongbing(Wuhan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Wuhan,Hubei,430024,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉市疾病预防控制中心,湖北武汉430024 [2]武汉轻工大学医学与健康学院,湖北武汉430048 [3]武汉市青山区疾病预防控制中心,湖北武汉430080

出　　处：《中国初级卫生保健》2024年第1期59-62,共4页Chinese Primary Health Care

摘　　要：目的:分析2016—2022年武汉市0~6岁儿童无细胞百白破疫苗、脊髓灰质炎灭活疫苗、b型流感嗜血杆菌疫苗联合疫苗(DTaP-IPV/Hib联合疫苗,简称五联疫苗)的接种情况和其对脊髓灰质炎疫苗(Poliovirus Vaccine,PV)的替代情况。方法:通过湖北省免疫规划信息系统儿童接种数据建立武汉市2016—2022年0~6岁出生队列,进行五联疫苗接种率和PV替代率的流行病学分析。结果:截至2022年12月31日,武汉市0~6岁儿童出生队列五联疫苗1~4剂累计接种率分别为22.87%、21.46%、20.54%和14.28%,五联疫苗覆盖率在6.94%~34.67%之间。随着出生年份的后移五联疫苗各剂次接种率均呈上升趋势,各出生队列五联疫苗1~4剂接种率逐渐降低。武汉市各辖区之间五联疫苗1~4剂接种率差异较大。五联疫苗1~4剂对PV的替代率分别为25.57%、22.45%、22.80%和14.62%,各剂次替代率随出生年份后移均逐年上升。结论:武汉市五联疫苗接种率呈逐年缓慢上升趋势,但不同辖区间分布不平衡,其对PV的替代率在合理范围,建议通过强化疫苗接种健康宣教、增加政府投入、加强疫苗管理等措施进一步提升五联疫苗全程接种率。OBJECTIVE To analyze the coverage rate of DTaP-IPV/Hib vaccine and to evaluate its replacement for the Poliovi⁃rus Vaccine(PV)among children aged 0~6 in Wuhan from 2016 to 2022.METHODS The birth cohort of 0~6 years old in Wuhan from 2016 to 2022 was established through the children vaccination data of Hubei Immunization Program Information Management System,and the epidemiological analysis of penta vaccination coverage rate and replacement rate was carried out.RESULTS By the end of 2022,the cumulative coverage rate of one to four doses of penta vaccine was 22.87%,21.46%,20.54%,14.28%,respectively,and the coverage rate of penta vaccine in the birth cohort of children aged 0~6 years in Wuhan was between 6.94%and 34.67%.The vaccination rate of each dose increased with the birth year,and the vaccination rate of the first to fourth dose of penta vaccine in each birth cohort gradually decreased.The vaccination rate of 1~4 doses varies greatly among different districts in Wuhan.The re⁃placement rates of 1~4 doses of pentapentase vaccine were 25.57%,22.45%,22.80%and 14.62%,respectively,and the replacement rates of each dose increased year by year with the birth year.CONCLUSION The vaccination rate of Wuquan vaccine in Wuhan showed a slow increase year by year,but the distribution among different jurisdictions was unbalanced,and the replacement rate of poliomyelitis vaccine was within a reasonable range.It is suggested that measures such as strengthening health education of vaccina⁃tion,increasing government investment,and strengthening vaccine management should be taken to further improve the full coverage rate of Wuquan vaccine.

关 键 词：DTaP-IPV/Hib联合疫苗 预防接种 替代 出生队列 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]