广州市花地街道55岁及以上健康体检居民乙型病毒性肝炎流行状况分析  

Analysis of Epidemic Status of Viral Hepatitis B about Health Examination Residents Aged 55 and above in Huadi Street of Guangzhou

作　　者：何思 袁柱培 杜志成 郝元涛 He Si;Yuan Zhupei;Du Zhicheng;Hao Yuantao(Huadi Street Community Health Service Center in Liwan District,Guangzhou,Guangdong,510370,China)

机构地区：[1]广州市荔湾区花地街道社区卫生服务中心,广东广州510370 [2]中山大学公共卫生学院,广东广州510080 [3]北京大学公众健康与重大疫情防控战略研究中心,北京100191

出　　处：《中国初级卫生保健》2024年第1期78-83,95,共7页Chinese Primary Health Care

基　　金：国家科技重大专项项目(2018ZX10715004)。

摘　　要：目的:了解广州市花地街道55岁及以上中老年健康体检人群乙型病毒性肝炎(简称乙肝)感染及疫苗接种情况。方法:对940名55岁及以上中老年体检居民采集静脉血,采用酶联免疫吸附试验进行血清学检测,描述其阳性率及分布特征。结果:共调查940人,乙肝病毒表面抗原(HBsAg)阳性率、乙肝病毒表面抗体(HBsAb)阳性率和乙肝病毒核心抗体(HBcAb)阳性率分别为8.30%,60.74%,30.11%。不同年龄、乙肝既往史比较,HBsAg阳性率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同乙肝既往史、乙肝疫苗接种史比较,HBsAb阳性率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。有乙肝既往史的户籍、已婚人群为高危人群,无乙肝疫苗接种史的女性、高中/中专、户籍、已婚人群为高危人群;不同乙肝既往史比较,HBcAb阳性率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。乙肝病毒易感率为27.26%。不同户籍类型比较,乙肝病毒易感率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:花地街道55岁及以上人群乙肝表面抗原阳性率水平较高,应对易感人群补种、加强或重新接种乙肝疫苗,提高人群免疫水平,降低乙肝病毒易感率。OBJECTIVE To understand the infection and vaccination of hepatitis B(hepatitis B)among people aged 55 and above in Huadi Street.METHODS 940 venous blood samples were collected from patients aged 55 years and over for physical examination,and ELISA was used for serological detection to describe the positive rate and distribution characteristics.RESULTS 940 people were investigated.The positive rates of hepatitis B B virus surface antigen(HBsAg),hepatitis B virus surface antibody(HBsAb)and hepatitis B B virus core antibody(HBcAb)were 8.30%,60.74%and 30.11%,respectively.The positive rate of HBsAg was significant⁃ly different in different ages and the previous history of hepatitis B.Compared with the previous history of hepatitis B and the history of hepatitis B vaccination,there were statistically significant differences in the positive rate of HBsAb.The registered residence and married people with a previous history of hepatitis B were high-risk groups,while women,high school(technical secondary school),registered residence and married people without a history of hepatitis B vaccination were high-risk groups.Compared with the previ⁃ous history of hepatitis B,the positive rate of HBcAb was significantly different.The susceptibility rate of HBV is 27.26%.There was a statistically significant difference in HBV susceptibility among different types of permanent residents.CONCLUSION The posi⁃tive rate of hepatitis B surface antigen in the population aged 55 years and above in Huadi Street is high.It is necessary to reseed,strengthen or re vaccinate hepatitis B vaccine for the susceptible population to improve the immune level of the population and re⁃duce the susceptibility.

关 键 词：55岁及以上 中老年 乙肝表面抗原 乙肝表面抗体 乙肝核心抗体 阳性率 

分 类 号：R512.62[医药卫生—内科学] R181.3[医药卫生—临床医学]