微波法制备碳纳米材料的机理及进展  

Microwave Synthesis of Carbon Nanomaterials:Mechanisms and Recent Progress

作　　者：王加悦 周涵[1] WANG Jiayue;ZHOU Han(State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites,Department of Material Science and Engineering,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学材料科学与工程学院,金属基复合材料国家重点实验室,上海200240

出　　处：《材料导报》2024年第3期1-6,共6页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFE0127100)。

摘　　要：微波法具有加热快速、易于控制、反应均匀等优点,是制备功能性碳纳米材料的重要技术。其制备原理是基于碳基材料优异的本征介电性能,碳基材料与微波电磁场相互作用产生介电损耗,快速形成局部高能场,实现高速制备。本文首先简要介绍了微波与物质的相互作用机理,然后分别从微波在制备过程中的作用、关键实验参数以及微波制备的碳材料的特征等方面详细介绍了微波作为能量输入制备一维碳纳米管、二维石墨烯以及三维纳米多孔碳的优势,最后对宏量快速制备多功能和高性能碳纳米材料的发展进行了展望。Microwave method is an important technique for the synthesis of functional carbon nanomaterials,with advantages of rapid heating,easy to control and uniform reaction.The synthetic mechanism is based on the excellent intrinsic dielectric properties of carbon materials,which can have strong interactions with the microwave electromagnetic field,thus causing strong dielectric loss and localized high energy field for the fast synthesis.In this paper,we briefly introduce the interaction mechanism between microwave and matter.Then the advantages of microwave as energy input for the preparation of 1D carbon nanotubes,2D graphene and 3D nano-porous carbon are introduced in detail from aspects of the microwave functions,key experimental parameters and the characteristics of carbon materials prepared by microwave.Finally,approaches for fast synthesis of multifunctional and high-performance carbon nanomaterials on large scale are prospected.

关 键 词：微波法 碳纳米材料 碳纳米管 石墨烯 多孔碳 

分 类 号：TB34[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]