基于十水硫酸钠的个体防护材料的制备及性能  

Preparation and Performance of Personal Protective Materials Based on Sodium Sulfate Decahydrate

作　　者：赵荣 韩子夜 吴飞翔 刘太奇[1] 李谭秋 ZHAO Rong;HAN Ziye;WU Feixiang;LIU Taiqi;LI Tanqiu(Research Center of Ecomaterial,Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology,Beijing 102617,China;China Astronaut Research and Training Centre,Beijing 100094,China)

机构地区：[1]北京石油化工学院环境材料研究中心,北京102617 [2]中国航天科研训练中心,北京100094

出　　处：《材料导报》2024年第3期48-52,共5页Materials Reports

基　　金：北京市创新平台建设-北京石油化工学院材料学创新平台建设(PXM019-014222-000052)。

摘　　要：新冠病毒的爆发使得人们对医用防护服的性能提出了更高的要求:隔离病毒并确保密闭空间人体舒适。人们试图用基于十水硫酸钠的相变材料来调节个体防护服的温度,但是其配方中含有危险品硼酸,并存在相分离、过冷等现象,限制了其实际应用。采用纳米二氧化硅和硼砂两种不同类型的成核剂,成功制备出不含硼酸的过冷度低、热性能稳定、可用于调节人体温度的个体防护材料,并研究了用DSC测试该材料相变潜热的方法。实验结果表明,纳米二氧化硅有效降低了十水硫酸钠的过冷度,个体防护材料的潜热足以用于制造防护服。当纳米二氧化硅添加量为3%时,个体防护材料的潜热为179 J/g,相变温度为16℃,过冷度仅为0.7℃;DSC测试该防护材料热性能的最佳条件为:样品质量为30 mg,制样温度维持在0℃,氮气压力为0.1 MPa。使用该防护材料制备的个体防护背心测试结果表明:防护背心4 h内可保持在26℃范围中,6 h保持在29℃范围内。The outbreak of the new crown virus has put forward the higher requirements to the performance of medical protective clothing,which can isolate the virus and ensure human comfort in confined spaces.A mixture of sodium sulfate decahydrate has been tried to adjust the temperature of a person with the personal protective clothing.However,it cannot be put into application because of the dangerous boric acid and the phenomena such as phase separation and supercooling.In this work,the personal protective material with low subcooling degree and stable thermal performance was successfully prepared by adding two different types of new treating agents,the nano-silica and borax.And it can be used to adjust human temperature without boric acid.The method of testing the latent heat of personal protective material with DSC was also studied.Experimental results show that nano-silica can effectively reduce the supercooling degree of sodium sulfate decahydrate,and the latent heat of the personal protective material is enough for the manufacture of protection clothes.With the addition of silica as 3%,the latent heat of the personal protective material is 179 J·g^(-1)and the phase change temperature of it is 16℃while the super cooling degree is only 0.7℃.The optimal conditions of DSC to test the enthalpy of the material are as follows:sample mass of 30 mg,preparation temperature at 0℃,pressure of the nitrogen protective gas 0.1 MPa.The test results of the personal protective vest prepared by using this material show that the protective vest can be kept in the range of 26℃for 4 h and 29℃for 6 h.

关 键 词：十水硫酸钠 个体防护 相变材料 成核剂 二氧化硅 

分 类 号：TB34[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]