新型多格室粪便堆肥反应器设计与试验  

Design and testing of a new multi-compartment manure composting reactor

作　　者：刘建伟[1,2] 葛静芸 田洪钰 史世强 Liu Jianwei;Ge Jingyun;Tian Hongyu;Shi Shiqiang(Beijing Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Urban Sewage System Construction and Risk Control,Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Beijing,100044,China;Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment,Ministry of Education,Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Beijing,100044,China;School of Chemical&Environmental Engineering,China University of Mining&Technology-Beijing,Beijing,100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北京建筑大学北京市可持续城市排水系统构建与风险控制工程技术研究中心,北京市100044 [2]北京建筑大学城市雨水系统与水环境教育部重点实验室,北京市100044 [3]中国矿业大学(北京)化学与环境工程学院,北京市100083

出　　处：《中国农机化学报》2024年第1期223-228,共6页Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization

基　　金：“十三五”国家重点研发计划课题(2021YFF0306304)。

摘　　要：针对常规粪便堆肥反应器进料自动化程度不高、堆肥效率低和产物质量差的问题,设计并构建出一种“连续进料—反应—出料”运行模式的新型多格室粪便堆肥反应器。对反应器的通风单元、加热单元进行优化设计,并以厕所粪便为处理对象,进行反应器运行性能试验。试验结果表明,经反应器堆肥处理后,粪便臭味减弱、颜色由棕黄色变为棕褐色,堆料高温期(≥50℃)维持在6 d以上,反应器不同运行阶段堆肥产品的种子发芽指数分别为104%、81%和128%,表明堆肥成品已实现完全腐熟和无害化。堆肥产品总养分、有机质和种子发芽指数均达到相关要求。Aiming at the problems of low feeding automation,low composting efficiency and poor product quality of conventional manure compost reactors,a new multi-compartment manure compost reactor with a“continuous feed-reaction-discharge”operation mode was designed and constructed.The design of the reactor was optimized in terms of ventilation unit and heating unit,and the operational performance of the reactor was tested with the toilet feces as the treatment object.The test results showed that after the reactor composting treatment,the manure odor was reduced,the color changed from brownish yellow to brownish brown,the high temperature period of the compost(≥50℃)was maintained above 6 d,and the seed germination index of the compost products in different operation stages were 104%,81%and 128%respectively,indicating that the finished compost products had been completely putrefied and rendered harmless.The indicators of total nutrients,organic matter and seed germination index in the compost products met the requirements.

关 键 词：多格室堆肥反应器 厕所粪便 好氧堆肥 反应器 资源化 

分 类 号：S141[农业科学—肥料学] X705[农业科学—农业基础科学]