甘蓝收获技术与装备研究现状及发展趋势  

Research status and development trend of cabbage mechanical harvesting equipment and technology

作　　者：佟文玉 张健飞 宋志禹 曹光乔 金月 宁晓峰[2] Tong Wenyu;Zhang Jianfei;Song Zhiyu;Cao Guangqiao;Jin Yue;Ning Xiaofeng(Nanjing Institute of Agricultural Mechanization,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Nanjing,210014,China;College of Engineering,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang,110866,China)

机构地区：[1]农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所,南京市210014 [2]沈阳农业大学工程学院,沈阳市110866

出　　处：《中国农机化学报》2024年第1期322-329,共8页Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization

基　　金：江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目(CX(22)2020);山东省重点研发计划项目(2022CXGC010612);中国农业科学院创新工程项目——果蔬茶收获技术装备创新团队。

摘　　要：当前我国甘蓝机械化收获程度低,劳动强度大,甘蓝收获机械化是研究的重点和难点。通过阐述国内外甘蓝收获机械中的主要收获机构与方式,分析归纳近几年意大利、瑞士、比利时等西方发达国家具有代表性的收获机械设备技术特点和性能参数,对我国甘蓝主要采用的种植模式进行介绍并分析不同地域栽培方式对甘蓝收获机械的影响。指出我国目前甘蓝种植和机械化收获存在的问题,提出适于我国甘蓝机械化收获的发展方向:明确甘蓝与收获机构相互作用下损伤的内在关联机制,实现低损高效采收。新的农艺要更好地适应机械化生产标准,推动甘蓝收获机械向信息化、智能化、科技化方向发展。At present,the mechanized harvesting of cabbage in China is low and labor-intensive,and the mechanization of cabbage harvesting is the focus and difficulty of research.This paper focuses on the main harvesting mechanisms and methods of cabbage harvesting machinery at home and abroad,and analyzes and summarizes the technical characteristics and performance parameters of the representative harvesting machinery and equipment of Italy,Switzerland,Belgium and other western developed countries in recent years,introduces the main planting patterns of cabbage in China and analyzes the influence of different regional cultivation methods on cabbage harvesting machinery.The problems of cabbage planting and mechanized harvesting in China are pointed out,and the development direction suitable for cabbage mechanized harvesting in China is proposed as follows:to clarify the intrinsic correlation mechanism of damage under the interaction between cabbage and harvesting mechanism,and to realize low loss and high efficiency harvesting.The new agronomy should be better adapted to the mechanized production standards and promote the development of cabbage harvesting machinery in the direction of informationization,intelligence,science and technology.

关 键 词：甘蓝 收获机械 栽培方式 种植模式 农机农艺融合 

分 类 号：S225.92[农业科学—农业机械化工程]