多因素耦合影响的小半径曲线隧道风机布置优化研究  

Optimization of fan arrangement in small radius curved tunnels with the influence of multiple coupled factors

作　　者：李琦 万雨虹 王雪 李敏 王发豪 杨畅 LI Qi;WAN Yuhong;WANG Xue;LI Min;WANG Fahao;YANG Chang(School of Architecture and Urban and Rural Planning,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611830,China)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学建筑与城乡规划学院,成都611830

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2023年第12期4308-4317,共10页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51908387)。

摘　　要：在隧道运营通风过程中,射流风机的安装方式会直接影响隧道的通风效率。受曲率半径的影响,小半径曲线隧道的风机安装参数和射流流场分布异于直线隧道。采用计算流体动力学(Computational Fluid Dynamics,CFD)数值模拟的方法,建立曲率半径(r)为100 m、200 m、300 m、400 m的小半径曲线隧道三维通风模型,并针对射流风机横向间距、偏移距离、偏转角度等因素耦合作用下的风机效率进行研究。结果显示:(1)当r为100 m或200 m时,影响风机通风效率的各因素的显著性顺序由大到小依次为横向间距、偏移距离、偏转角度;当r为300 m或400 m时,影响风机通风效率的各因素的显著性顺序由大到小依次为偏转角度、偏移距离、横向间距。(2)当隧道曲率半径变化时,横向间距的最优值未发生变化,当2台风机轴间距取3 m(约2.5D)时,风机升压效果最好。(3)随着隧道曲率半径减小,风机安装最优偏转角度应逐渐增大,当200 m≤r≤300 m时,内偏转10°、外偏移1 m,可有效提升射流风机的升压能力。(4)隧道曲率半径越小,风流从风机口射出后越快撞击壁面,隧道内侧产生的低风速区域面积越大,越不利于通风。(5)当曲率半径变化时,风流均在距离风机口130 m左右得到充分发展,风机布设的最佳纵向间距无明显变化。The effectiveness of the tunnel's ventilation directly depends on how the jet fans are arranged during operation and ventilation.The installation parameters for the fans and the dispersion of the jet flow field differ in short-radius curved tunnels compared to straight tunnels due to the radius of curvature.To investigate the fan efficiency under the coupling effect of variables like lateral spacing,offset distance,and deflection angle of jet fans,a three-dimensional ventilation model for small radius curved tunnels with radii of curvature of 100 m,200 m,300 m,and 400 m was established using CFD numerical simulations.The findings indicate that:(1)When r=100 m and 200 m,The significance order of the various factors affecting the ventilation efficiency of the fan,from large to small,is lateral spacing,offset distance,and deflection angle,and when r=300 m and 400 m,The significance order of the various factors affecting the ventilation efficiency of the fan,from large to small,is deflection angle,offset distance,and lateral spacing;(2)the optimum value of the lateral spacing does not change when the curvature of the tunnel changes,and the fan boosting effect is best when the spacing between the two fan axes is taken as 3 m(about 2.5D);(3)As the curvature of the tunnel decreases,the optimal deflection angle for fan installation should gradually increase,with an internal deflection of 10°and an external deflection of 1m when 200 m≤r≤300 m,which can effectively enhance the boosting capacity of the jet fan;(4)The smaller the radius of curvature of the tunnel is,the faster the wind flow hits the wall after being ejected from the fan opening is,the larger the area of low wind speed generated on the inside of the tunnel is,and the less conducive to ventilation is;(5)When the curvature changes,the wind flow is all fully developed at around 130 m from the fan opening and the optimum longitudinal spacing of the fan placement does not change significantly.

关 键 词：安全工程 曲线隧道 通风效率 正交试验 通风优化 数值模拟 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学]