膏体尾矿堆积形态研究的现状及发展  

Current research and development of stack geometry for paste tailings

作　　者：刘晓辉 张立强 朱权洁[1] 滑帅 翟盛锐 LIU Xiaohui;ZHANG Liqiang;ZHU Quanjie;HUA Shuai;ZHAI Shengrui(School of Safety Engineering,North China Institute of Science&Technology,Langfang 065201,Hebei,China)

机构地区：[1]华北科技学院安全工程学院,河北廊坊065201

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2023年第12期4532-4539,共8页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52074121);河北自然科学基金项目(E2019508145)。

摘　　要：尾矿膏体处置技术的应用日益广泛,膏体堆积体的几何形态是项目工程设计和生产管理的关键依据。主要介绍润滑理论(Lubrication theory,LT)模型、平衡坡降(Equilibrium Channel Slope,ECS)模型以及水流功率(Stream Power-Entropy,SPE)模型3种堆积形态预测方法的基本原理和计算步骤,通过与现场实测数据的对比,分析不同方法的预测效果和适用条件,以探讨研究存在的问题及发展趋势。结果显示:膏体堆积初期以薄层流动为主,堆积坡降随排放总量的增大而增大,当达到最大值时,薄层流转变为明渠流,堆积坡降随之减小;膏体的屈服应力越大,排放流速越小,堆积坡降越陡。LT模型适用于堆积初期的薄层流动,ECS及SPE模型适用于堆积后期的明渠流动。颗粒剪切沉降行为、膏体明渠流动特性、流动路径的变化规律是膏体堆积形态研究的难点,创新浓密浆体的可视化观测技术,寻求适宜的复杂自适应系统的分析方法是研究的关键。This paper systemically recalls the current research on stack geometry of paste tailings during deposition.Firstly,this paper mainly introduces three prediction approaches for stack geometry evolution and their fundamental principle and computation procedure,including lubrication theory(LT) model,equilibrium channel slope(ECS),and stream power-entropy(SPE) model.Secondly,this paper analyzes the application conditions and performance of different prediction approaches by comparing the predicted value with the field test values in several paste tailings disposal projects.Then,this paper discusses the existing problems and development trends in research.The results show that the overland flow behavior of paste tailings plays a key role in shaping the stack geometry.There is mainly a sheet flow in early paste deposition,and the deposit slope increases with total discharge volume.When a maximum deposit slope is reached,the sheet flow translates into channel flow,the deposit slope gradually decreases,and a concave beach profile is formed.The deposit slope increases along with the yield stress of paste tailings increases and the open channel flow velocity decreases.LT model is applied to predict equilibrium profiles of sheet flow for paste tailings during early deposition.ECS and SPE models are applied to analyze the open channel flows that develop later in tailings deposition.ECS model assumes the equilibrium profile is reached when erosion and sedimentation are in equilibrium and calculates the deposit slope base on empirical formulas for uniform flow in the open channel.SPE model focuses on the dissipation of the energy down slope and gets the beach profile by the implicit solution of non-uniform flow.For improving the prediction approaches,three aspects of research such as particle shears settling behavior paste flow law in open channels and the variety of flow paths need to be explored deeply,by innovating visual test technology for high-density slurry and looking for suitable analytical methods for the complex ada

关 键 词：环境工程学 膏体尾矿 尾矿处置 堆积形态 堆积坡降 明渠流 

分 类 号：X751[环境科学与工程—环境工程]