改进型人工快渗除磷效果及途径研究  

Study on the effect and pathways of phosphorus removal by modified constructed rapid infiltration system

作　　者：黄智[1] 罗嫒玲 孙佳成 高澍[1] 宿程远[1] 关鑫 HUANG Zhi;LUO Ailing;SUN Jiacheng;GAO Shu;SU Chengyuan;GUAN Xin(School of Environment and Resources,Guangxi Normal University,Guilin 541006,Guangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]广西师范大学环境与资源学院,广西桂林541006

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2023年第12期4548-4557,共10页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51768009)。

摘　　要：针对人工快渗对磷去除效率低的问题,将碳酸钙作为改良剂用于构建人工快渗系统,以研究不同水力负荷下磷的去除效果及除磷途径和机理。结果显示:水力负荷在0.1 m^(3)/(m^(2)·d)和0.2 m^(3)/(m^(2)·d)时,人工快渗出水溶解氧质量浓度均高于2 mg/L,总磷去除率均达到99%以上。当废水经过系统上层时,磷主要以固化的形式去除,占总去除量的95.78%;在落干期,磷去除过程仍持续进行,以PH_(3)形式去除,磷转化为PH_(3)的过程可持续14 h,PH_(3)瞬时质量浓度最大为1.67 mg/m^(3)。填料中的脱氢酶、碱性磷酸酶活性均明显提高。高通量测序分析表明,系统中聚磷菌(Phosphate Accumulating Organisms,PAOs)较多,各菌属自上而下相对丰度分别为:陶厄氏菌属Thauera上层7.36%、中层0.24%、下层2.67%,不动杆菌属Acinetobacter上层0.35%、中层6.27%、下层0.93%,假单胞菌属Pseudomonas上层0.19%、中层0.38%、下层1.25%,节杆菌属Arthrobacter上层0.21%、中层0.09%、下层0.34%。尽管出水溶解氧质量浓度高于2 mg/L,但系统中厌氧菌、兼氧菌含量较高。与磷转化有关的菌群自上而下相对丰度分别为:变形菌门Proteobacteria上层57.05%、中层50.15%、下层46.79%,厚壁菌门Firmicutes上层1.14%、中层1.82%、下层6.74%,Clostridium_sensu_stricto上层0.06%、中层0.21%、下层1.09%。在快渗系统微生态中,同时具备好氧和厌氧菌群是磷转化为PH_(3)的重要原因。Because of the low efficiency of phosphorus removal by a constructed rapid infiltration system(CRIs),in this study,a modified constructed rapid infiltration system was constructed with calcium carbonate as the conditioner to study the phosphorus removal efficiency and the pathways and mechanisms of phosphorus removal under different hydraulic loads.The results show that at hydraulic loads of 0.1 m^(3)/(m^(2)·d)and 0.2 m^(3)/(m^(2)·d),the dissolved oxygen in the effluent is higher than 2 mg/L,and the total phosphorus removal rate is higher than 99%.When wastewater passed through the system,phosphorus is mainly removed in the form of solidification.The upper layer of the system is the site of the most solidified filler,which is mainly removed through the formation of phosphorus-containing precipitates,accounting for 95.78% of the total phosphorus removal.During the dry period,phosphorus removal continued from the system in the form of PH_3,and the maximum phosphine concentration detected in the experiment is 1.67 mg/m^(3).The dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase activities of each layer of the filler samples are higher than those of the original.High-throughput sequencing analysis indicates that the presence of polyphosphoric bacteria(PAOs) is high in the system,in which Thauera(7.36%,0.24%,and 2.67%),Acinetobacter(0.35%,6.27%,and 0.93%),Pseudomonas(0.19%,0.38%,and 1.25%) and Arthrobacter(0.21%,0.09 %,and 0.34%) have the highest abundance.Although the effluent is aerobic,the proportion of anaerobic and parthenogenic bacteria in the system is high.From the upper to lower layers,the abundance of bacteria associated with phosphorus transformation was Proteobacteria(57.05 %,50.15 %,and 46.79 %),Firmicutes(1.14%,1.82 %,and 6.74 %),and Clostridium_sensu_stricto(0.06 %,0.21 %,and 1.09 %).This suggested that the simultaneous presence of anaerobic and aerobic bacteria in the system provided the conditions for producing PH_3.

关 键 词：环境工程学 人工快渗 含磷废水 PH_(3) 除磷途径 微生物群落 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]