砜吡草唑·噻吩磺隆对大豆-玉米间作田杂草防效及安全性  

Control efficacy on weeds and safety of pyroxasulfone and thifensulfuron-methyl in soybean-corn intercropping field

作　　者：柏振东 李皓 柏浩东 万远会 刘娜 刘都才[2] 李祖任[2] 金晨钟[1] BAI Zhendong;LI Hao;BAI Haodong;WAN Yuanhui;LIU Na;LIU Ducai;LI Zuren;JIN Chenzhong(Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Weed Biology and Safety Control,Hunan University of Humanities,Science and Technology,Loudi 417000,Hunan,China;Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Weed Biology and Safety Control,Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changsha 410125,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南人文科技学院杂草生物学及安全防控湖南省重点实验室,湖南娄底417000 [2]湖南省农业科学院杂草生物学及安全防控湖南省重点实验室,长沙410125

出　　处：《农药》2024年第1期73-78,共6页Agrochemicals

基　　金：湖南省农业创新项目(2021CX42、2022CX11、2022CX70);湖南省现代产业技术体系项目(旱粮植保,2022-31)。

摘　　要：[目的]明确砜吡草唑·噻吩磺隆复配剂对大豆-玉米间作田杂草的防除效果及对大豆、玉米的安全性。[方法]采用Gowing法评价砜吡草唑和噻吩磺隆复配后对稗草的联合作用,并提出最佳配比。采用室内生物测定法和田间小区试验评价其除草活性及安全性。[结果]联合作用评价试验表明砜吡草唑+噻吩磺隆的最佳复配有效成分用量为150+22.5 g a.i./hm^(2)。室内生物测定试验表明:150+22.5 g a.i./hm^(2)时砜吡草唑·噻吩磺隆复配剂药后15 d对稗草及反枝苋的鲜质量抑制率分别为97.56%、100%,且对大豆、玉米株高和鲜质量无明显抑制。田间试验结果表明:在有效成分用量为150+22.5 g a.i./hm^(2)施药后60 d,对田间禾本科杂草和阔叶类杂草的鲜质量防效均在90%以上,通过目测观察对大豆、玉米幼苗生长发育无不良影响。[结论]砜吡草唑·噻吩磺隆复配剂能够有效防除大豆-玉米间作田一年生杂草,并对大豆、玉米生长无影响。筛选出一种一次性封闭控草方案,以期为有效解决大豆-玉米间作田草害问题。[Aims]This study aimed to investigate the weed control effect and safety of the mixture of pyroxasulfone and thifensulfuron-methyl on weeds in soybean-corn intercropping fields,as well as their impact on the growth of soybean and maize.[Methods]The combined action of pyroxasulfone and thifensulfuron-methyl on barnyardgrass was evaluated using the Gowing method,and the optimal ratio was proposed.The weed control activity and safety was evaluated by laboratory bioassay and field plot experiments.[Results]The evaluation experiment of the combined action found that the optimal active ingredient content of pyroxasulfone and thifensulfuron-methyl was 150+22.5 g a.i./ha.The laboratory bioassay showed that at 150+22.5 g a.i./ha,the fresh weight inhibition rates on barnyardgrass and redroot pigweed were 97.56%and 100%respectively on day 15 after using the pyroxasulfone and thifensulfuron-methyl mixture,with no significant inhibition on the plant height and fresh weight of soybeans and corns.The field trial results showed that on day 60 after applying the mixture at an active ingredient content of 150+22.5 g a.i./ha,the fresh weight control efficacy against grassy weeds and broadleaf weeds was above 90%,and visual observation showed no adverse effects on the growth and development of soybean and corn seedlings.[Conclusions]The mixture of pyroxasulfone and thifensulfuron-methyl can effectively control annual weeds in soybean-corn intercropping fields without affecting the growth of soybeans and corns.This study identified a one-time weed control strategy,aiming to effectively address weed problems in soybean-corn intercropping fields.

关 键 词：大豆-玉米间作 除草剂复配 砜吡草唑 噻吩磺隆 除草活性 安全性 

分 类 号：S482.4[农业科学—农药学]