多层次多孔沥青路面吸声性能模型与分析  

Modeling and Analysis of Sound Absorption of Multilayered Porous Asphalt Pavement

作　　者：李明亮[1,2,3] 李俊 袁旻忞[1,3] 武昊 韩丁丁[1,2] LI Ming-liang;LI Jun;YUAN Min-min;WU Hao;HAN Ding-ding(Research Institute of Highway Ministry of Transport,Beijing 100088,China;Key Laboratory of Transport Industry of Road Structure and Material,Beijing 100088,China;National Environmental Protection Engineering and Technology Center for Road Traffic Noise Control,Beijing 100088,China)

机构地区：[1]交通运输部公路科学研究院,北京100088 [2]道路结构与材料行业重点实验室,北京100088 [3]国家环境保护道路及交通噪声控制工程技术中心,北京100088

出　　处：《中国公路学报》2023年第12期222-235,共14页China Journal of Highway and Transport

基　　金：交通运输部公路科学研究所(院)交通强国试点项目(QG2021-1-4-5);北京市自然科学基金项目(8232015)。

摘　　要：针对国内外缺少有效的多孔路面降噪功能设计方法的问题,基于多孔固体介质的理论吸声模型和传递矩阵方法,构建了多层次多孔沥青路面吸声系数模型并开展观测分析。模型以多孔沥青混合料空隙率、集料粒径、厚度等材料和体积指标为输入参量,能够较好地辅助混合料设计。首先,通过CT扫描图像分析,建立预估孔隙结构迂曲度、等效半径以及表层空隙过渡区空隙率的回归方程,基于此形成孔隙结构流阻率预估模型。进一步地,采用传递矩阵的方法开发了多层次多孔路面结构吸声系数模型,分析了过渡区空隙率的影响。最终,利用模型对比了不同设计参数及结构组合形式的吸声性能变化规律。研究结果表明:考虑表层过渡区空隙率变化的预测模型精度更高,这对实际路面降噪设计和预估更为有效;表层空隙率主要影响第1个吸声峰值的频率位置,频谱上2个峰值的变化趋势随空隙率的增减一致;底层空隙率同时影响2个峰值的频率位置,而2个峰值随底层空隙率的大小变化趋势相反;常用集料最大粒径的影响较小;厚度主要决定吸声系数峰值频率的位置;当单层多孔沥青混合料厚度与双层多孔路面总厚度一致时,二者具有相近的吸声性能;对于3层多孔沥青路面结构,其表层、中层和底层的连通空隙率分别对吸声系数曲线的第2和第3峰值、第1峰值以及第1峰值频率产生主要影响。因此,通过模型分析,为每个层次选择适当的空隙率、厚度等设计参数值,可以增强对特定频率轮胎/路面噪声的吸收效果,优化多孔路面的降噪功能。A model for predicting the sound absorption coefficient of multi-layer porous asphalt is developed based on the theoretical model of porous solid medium and the transfer-matrix method.Parameters related to mixture design,including the content of connected air voids,coarse aggregate size,and thickness are considered as input indicators for the model,and their influence on sound absorption of the mixture is investigated.First,by analyzing CT scanning images,regression functions are established to estimate the tortuosity,equivalent radius,and air-void content of the transition zone where the air voids decrease quickly to the design value.A simulation model for flow resistivity is then developed.Second,a model for multi-layer porous pavement structure sound absorption coefficient based on a transfer matrix is developed,and the impact of air-void content in the transition zone is analyzed.Finally,the model is used to compare sound absorption under different design parameters and structural combinations.Results indicate that the predictive model that considers the change in air-void content in the transition zone has a pronounced accuracy,which is effective for noise reduction design and prediction in engineering.The air-void content of the surface layer primarily affects the frequency location of the first sound absorption peak,and the changes of the two peaks in the curve are consistent when the air-void content varies.Air-void content of the bottom layer simultaneously affects the frequency location of the two peaks,while the values of the two peaks change in the opposite direction with the variation of the content of bottom-layer voids.The impact of the commonly used aggregate maximum particle size is relatively small.The thickness mainly determines the frequency of the sound absorption coefficient peak.When the thickness of the single-layer porous asphalt mixture is equal to the total thickness of the two-layer porous pavement,they have similar sound absorption performance.For a three-layer porous asphalt structur

关 键 词：路面工程 吸声性能模型 传递矩阵 多层次多孔沥青路面 流阻率 空隙率 

分 类 号：U416[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]