1960年代以来苏联的纸上建筑和乌托邦思想  

Paper Architecture and Utopian Thoughts in the Soviet Union Since the 1960s

作　　者：韩林飞[1,2] 汪祖盛 HAN Linfei;WANG Zusheng(Moscow Architectural Institute;Academic Committee,School of Architecture Arts,Beijing Jiaotong University)

机构地区：[1]莫斯科建筑学院 [2]北京交通大学

出　　处：《世界建筑》2024年第1期80-85,共6页World Architecture

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目批准号:2022JBW1000。

摘　　要：1970年代苏联国力达到巅峰,同时也是高度集体化建设最集中的时代,处于勃列日涅夫时代的苏联僵化而整齐划一。对现实标准化建筑失去信心的年轻建筑师们以阿瓦库莫夫为代表,为了打破高度集体主义体制下的官方建筑所占据的主导地位,推动了苏联纸上建筑运动迅速发展。本文旨在分析1960年代以来苏联的“纸上建筑”的发展历程、图形表达及其深层次的哲学意义;对其背景,代表人物、表现特点、表达思想进行研究剖析;阐述纸上建筑、乌托邦与高度集体主义三者之间的关系,并通过纸上建筑师在1980年代以来参加的国际建筑竞赛的作品论证说明了纸上建筑的成就与贡献。At the height of Soviet power in the 1970s,the Soviet Union was at its most collectivist.In the era of Brezhnev,the Soviet Union was dreary and repressive.In order to break the dominance of official buildings in the highly collectivist system,architects represented by Avakumov promoted the rapid development of the Paper Architecture movement in the Soviet Union and promoted the development of architectural history and architectural design theory.This paper provides a certain analysis of the development process of"Architecture on Paper"in the Soviet Union since the 1960s,analysing its background,development process,characteristics and expressive ideas.The relationship between architecture on paper,utopia and high collectivism is expounded,and the characteristics of architecture on paper are illustrated through the works of paper architects who have participated in international architectural competitions since the 1980s.

关 键 词：纸上建筑 乌托邦 高度集体主义 国际建筑竞赛 后现代主义 

分 类 号：TU-86[艺术—艺术设计]