中国耕地碳汇建设实施路径与制度完善  

China's Farmland Carbon Sink Construction Implementation Path and System Improvement

作　　者：白洋[1] 董雨瑞 Bai Yang;Dong Yurui(School of Law,Shandong University of Technology,Zibo 255049,China)

机构地区：[1]山东理工大学法学院,山东淄博255049

出　　处：《科技管理研究》2023年第22期46-53,共8页Science and Technology Management Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“中国蓝碳交易法律制度构建研究”(22BFX098)。

摘　　要：开展耕地碳汇项目建设是应对全球气候变化和粮食安全保障两大国家战略在制度安排上的现实需求。在探明耕地碳汇原理基础之上界定其概念,分析得出耕地碳汇是推动农业碳中和的关键抓手,是耕地生态产品价值实现的重要场域,有着与粮食安全保障相协同助推农业生产绿色发展的有益价值。基于国际国内双重视角,运用归纳分析等方法总结国内外耕地碳汇实施的相关法律政策和实践经验,认为耕地碳汇项目具备实践的可操作性,将其与当前的高标准农田建设有机结合有助于推动农业减排固碳与粮食安全保障的制度协同。据此,提出通过制定有关法律明确耕地碳汇的物权属性、完善耕地碳汇核证标准等方法,促进中国耕地碳汇资源化、资产化、产品化进而市场化的生态产品价值实现路径,并从耕地碳汇建设与粮食安全协同、创新耕地碳汇管理制度、耕地碳汇科学技术研发等制度层面进一步完善,探讨构建符合中国国情的耕地碳汇制度体系。Promoting the construction of cultivated land carbon sequestration project is the realistic demand of the system arrangement of the two national strategies to deal with global climate change and food security.This paper defines the concept of cultivated land carbon sequestration on the basis of the occurrence principle of cultivated land carbon sequestration,and concludes that cultivated land carbon sequestration is the key to promote agricultural carbon neutrality and an important measure to realize the marketization of cultivated land ecological value,linking it with ecological compensation in particular can help to realize the ecological value of cultivated land carbon sequestration and has the beneficial value of promoting green development of agricultural production in coordination with food security.Based on the international and domestic perspectives,the paper summarizes the relevant legal policies and practical experiences of the implementation of cultivated land carbon sequestration at home and abroad by using the methods of inductive analysis.It is believed that the cultivated land carbon sink project has practical operability,and its organic combination with the current high-standard farmland construction is helpful to promote the institutional coordination of agricultural emission reduction and carbon consolidation and food security.Accordingly,the paper puts forward the ways to realize the value of ecological products by utilizing the cultivated land carbon sink as resource,asset,product and market in China.In addition,from the cultivated land carbon sink construction and food security coordination,innovation of farmland carbon sink management system,farmland carbon sink science and technology research and development and other institutional aspects,the construction of farmland carbon sink system in line with China's national conditions should be explored.

关 键 词：耕地碳汇 生态产品 碳市场 碳汇核证 碳汇交易 固碳增汇 粮食安全 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X196[文化科学] G301