金融科技赋能商业银行的劳动要素替代效应  

Labor Factor Substitution Effect of Fintech-enabled Commercial Banks

作　　者：宋晓阳[1] 杨袁紫薇 刘芬华 李玲玲 Song Xiaoyang;Yang Yuanziwei;Liu Fenhua;Li Lingling(Guangdong Science Center,Guangzhou 510006,China;Branch of Fangcun,Guangzhou,Industrial and Commercial Bank of China,Guangzhou 510375,China;School of Marxism,Guangdong University of Finance,Guangzhou 510521,China;Guangdong Federation of Social Sciences,Guangzhou 510050,China)

机构地区：[1]广东科学中心,广东广州510006 [2]中国工商银行广州分行,广东广州510375 [3]广东金融学院马克思主义学院,广东广州510521 [4]广东省社会科学界联合会,广东广州510050

出　　处：《科技管理研究》2023年第22期192-200,共9页Science and Technology Management Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目“金融科技对企业数字化转型的效应评估、机制分析与策略优化研究”(72202046);教育部人文社会科学基金青年项目“银行数字化转型绩效评估与优化机制研究:基于大数据文本识别的微观证据”(22YJC790009)。

摘　　要：为探究商业银行从业规模增长率的收敛及其绝对数量的收缩与金融科技对银行劳动要素替代效应的关系,基于我国188家商业银行2010—2021年有关数据,使用双向固定效应模型实证分析金融科技对商业银行劳动就业水平的影响,并对银行的劳动力教育水平、规模和产权性质的异质性进行检验分析。结果表明:从整体上看,金融科技赋能商业银行降低银行劳动就业水平,其中对于低教育程度、低技能型员工带来显著的就业替代效应,但对于高技术型劳动力的替代效应不明显,同时对国有、股份制和大中型商业银行的作用不显著,但对城市商业银行、小微型商业银行的作用显著。因此,商业银行应加大金融科技研发投入,并增加对高新技术人才的需求,同时应注意对被金融科技替代的雇员群体进行重点培训以及做好转岗工作。In order to investigate the relationship between the convergence of the growth rate of the employment size of commercial banks and the contraction of its absolute number and the substitution effect of fintech on the labour factors of banks,based on the relevant data of 188 commercial banks in China from 2010 to 2021,this paper uses the two-way fixed effect model to empirically analyse the impact of fintech on the level of labour employment in commercial banks,and the level of labour force education in banks,size and the heterogeneity of the nature of property rights are tested and analysed.The results show that,as a whole,fintech empowers commercial banks to reduce the level of bank labour employment,in which it brings significant employment substitution effect for low-education and.low-skill employees,but the substitution effect for high-skill labour is not obvious,and at the same time,the effect on state-owned,joint-stock system and large and medium-sized commercial banks is not significant,but the effect on urban commercial banks and small and micro commercial banks is significant.Therefore,commercial banks should increase investment in financial technology research and development,and increase the demand for high-tech talents,and should pay attention to focusing on the training of the employee groups replaced by financial technology as well as doing a good job of transferring to other jobs.

关 键 词：金融科技 商业银行 劳动要素 就业水平 数字化转型 

分 类 号：F49[经济管理—产业经济] F830.33[文化科学] G301