桨叶数目对对转螺旋桨气动和噪声特性的影响  

Influence of the number of blades on aerodynamic and noise characteristics of counter-rotating propeller

作　　者：崔盼望 冯和英 仝帆 陈正武[2] CUI Panwang;FENG Heying;TONG Fan;CHEN Zhengwu(Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Health Maintenance for Mechanical Equipment,Hunan University of Science and Technology,Xiangtan 411201,China;Key Laboratory of Aerodynamic Noise Control,China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center,Mianyang 621000,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南科技大学机械设备健康维护湖南省重点实验室,湘潭411201 [2]中国空气动力研究与发展中心气动噪声控制重点实验室,绵阳621000

出　　处：《空气动力学学报》2023年第12期61-73,共13页Acta Aerodynamica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51875194,12102451);湖南省自然科学基金(2022JJ30249);湖南省教育厅优秀青年基金(20B226)。

摘　　要：对转螺旋桨的高效率与低油耗等优点已引起人们越来越多的关注。然而,噪声是对转螺旋桨研制过程中亟需解决的关键问题。基于非线性谐波法和声类比理论,研究了转子桨叶数目对对转螺旋桨气动特性和噪声的影响规律及其物理机制。以某型对转螺旋桨为基准对象,研究了7种不同桨叶数组合的对转螺旋桨模型。研究发现,增加对转螺旋桨前/后排转子桨叶数,前/后排转子拉力系数和功率系数将增大,而其波动幅值则明显减小,但这也将损害对转螺旋桨的总推进效率。提出在增加前/后排转子桨叶数的同时适当降低前/后排转子转速,结果表明,该方案既可以保证对转螺旋桨总推力及总效率不受影响,还可以在干涉噪声频率下,获得比单纯增加桨叶数更明显、更宽广的降噪效果。The advantages of high efficiency and low fuel consumption of the contra-rotating propellers have attracted more and more attention.However,noise is the key problem that needs to be solved urgently in the development process of the contra-rotating propeller.Based on the nonlinear harmonic method and the theory of acoustic analogy,the influence of the number of rotor blades on the aerodynamic characteristics and noise of the contra-rotating propeller and its physical mechanism are studied.Taking a certain type of contra-rotating propeller as the reference object,seven kinds of contra-rotating propeller models with different combinations of blade numbers were studied.The study found that increasing the number of blades in the front/rear rotors of the contra-rotating propeller will increase the tension coefficient and power coefficient of the front/rear rotors,and the fluctuation amplitude will be significantly reduced,but it will also damage the total propulsion efficiency of the contra-rotating propeller.The paper proposes to increase the number of front/rear rotor blades while appropriately reducing the front/rear rotor speed.The results show that this scheme has two beneficial facets:On the one hand it ensure the total thrust and total efficiency of the counter-rotating propeller to be unaffected;on the other hand,under the interference noise frequency,it can obtain a more obvious and wider noise reduction effect than simply increasing the number of blades.

关 键 词：对转螺旋桨 转子桨叶数 非线性谐波方法 干涉噪声 气动性能 

分 类 号：V211.3[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]