中华人民共和国成立后武术界首次学术争论的回顾与审视  

Review and Survey of the First Academic Debate in Martial Arts Circles After the Founding of the People’s Republic of China

作　　者：陈保磊 马世坤[1] CHEN Baolei;MA Shikun(School of Wushu,Wuhan Sports University,Wuhan 430079,Hubei,China;Department of Physical Education and Military,China Jiliang University,Hangzhou 310018,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉体育学院武术学院,湖北武汉430079 [2]中国计量大学体育军事部,浙江杭州310018

出　　处：《沈阳体育学院学报》2024年第1期137-144,共8页Journal of Shenyang Sport University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“中国武术话语体系本土构建研究”(21BTY109)。

摘　　要：中华人民共和国成立初期,武术界围绕武术的历史、性质、技术改革等议题,开展了一场学术争论。争论以辩争“太极拳的源流”开始,随即转入“武术技术问题”的大讨论,最后以《武术工作中的两条路线》文章的发表而宣告结束。经过辩争,学界在武术性质、技术创新等问题上达成了共识,确立了“武术大众化”的改革路向,为武术的现代化发展奠定了理论基础。整体而言,争论在“大鸣大放”政策下呈现出较强的学术特征,基本厘清了武术“从旧到新”转变过程中的问题与困境,积极意义在于进一步坚定了以“发展体育运动,增强人民体质”为根本任务发展武术运动的信念,但时代的特殊性也使争论“议而不决”,遗留了一些学术史理论问题。这场武术争论并非个人意气或群体利益之争,而是中华人民共和国成立后武术运动发展方向之争,在武术学术史上具有里程碑意义。After the founding of the People’s Republic of China,the martial arts circles have launched an academic debate on the history,nature and technical reform of Wushu.The debate began with“the origin of Taijiquan”,then turned to the discussion of“Wushu skills”,and finally ended with the publication of the article“Two Routes in Wushu Work”.After the debate,the Wushu circles reached a consensus on the nature of Wushu and the innovation of Wushu skills and other issues,established the reform direction of“the popularization of Wushu”,and laid a theoretical foundation for the modern development of Wushu.Overall,the debate under the policy of“free airing of views”presented a strong academic charac-teristics,which basically eliminated the problems and difficulties in the transforming process“from the old to the new”of martial arts,and its positive significance was to further strengthen the belief of developing Wushu taking“promoting physi-cal culture and building up the people’s health”as fundamental task,but the particularity of the times also made the debate in the situation of“deliberation without decision”,which left some theoretical problems about the academic history of Wushu.This debate was not a dispute of individual spirit or group interests,but a dispute of the development direction of Wushu movement in the People’s Republic of China,which was a milestone in the academic history of Wushu.

关 键 词：武术 学术争论 “双百”方针 《体育文丛》 击与舞 

分 类 号：G852[文化科学—民族体育]