生防菌株JT86对3种烟草产菌核病原菌的抑制效果研究  

Inhibitory effects of biocontrol strain JT86 on three sclerotia-producing pathogens of tobacco

作　　者：王寒[1] 张苗苗[2] 海维西 王晓剑 高卫锴[1] 张玺[1] 黄美壬 刘小雪 刘程炜 李淮源 舒灿伟[2] WANG Han;ZHANG Miaomiao;HAI Weixi;WANG Xiaojian;GAO Weikai;ZHANG Xi;HUANG Meiren;LIU Xiaoxue;LIU Chengwei;LI Huaiyuan;SHU Canwei(China Tobacco Guangdong Industrial Co.Ltd.,Guangzhou 510610,China;South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China;Shixing County Branch,Guangdong Tobacco Shaoguan Co.Ltd.,Shaoguan 512500,China;MC Master University,Ontario L8S 4L8,Canada)

机构地区：[1]广东中烟工业有限责任公司,广东广州510610 [2]华南农业大学,广东广州510642 [3]广东烟草韶关市有限公司始兴县分公司,广东韶关512500 [4]MC Master University,Canada Ontario L8S 4L8

出　　处：《北方农业学报》2023年第6期51-58,共8页Journal of Northern Agriculture

基　　金：广东中烟工业有限责任公司科研项目(2022440000340047)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究生防菌株JT86对烟草产菌核病原菌的抑制作用。【方法】使用双抗体夹心法检测铜绿假单胞菌(Pseudomonas aeruginosa)JT86发酵液中细胞壁水解酶活性,并利用扫描电镜观察JT86发酵液处理后病原菌菌丝体和菌核的形态变化,测定其对烟草立枯病菌(Rhizoctonia solani)、烟草白绢病菌(Sclerotium rolfsii)和烟草菌核病菌(Sclerotinia sclerotiorum)菌丝生长和菌核萌发的抑制效果。【结果】JT86发酵液对烟草立枯病菌、烟草白绢病菌和烟草菌核病菌菌丝生长的抑制率依次为77.07%、50.82%和95.25%。JT86发酵液处理菌核24 h后,这3种病原菌的菌核均不萌发,抑制率达到100%。JT86发酵液的蛋白酶、纤维素酶和几丁质酶活性较高,但未产生吲哚乙酸。扫描电镜观察发现,JT86发酵液可导致烟草立枯病菌的菌丝严重萎缩和畸形。【结论】JT86发酵液对烟草立枯病菌、烟草白绢病菌、烟草菌核病菌的生长发育、菌核萌发等都具有较好的抑制效果。【Objective】To explore the inhibitory effect of biocontrol strain JT86 on sclerotia-producing pathogens of tobacco.【Methods】The cell wall hydrolase activities in the fermentation broth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa JT86 were detected using the double-antibody sandwich method.The mycelium and sclerotia morphological changes of the pathogen treated with JT86 fermentation broth were observed using scanning electron microscopy.The inhibitory effects on the hyphal growth and sclerotia germination of Rhizoctonia solani,Sclerotium rolfsii,and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum were tested.【Results】The inhibitory rates of JT86 fermentation broth on the hyphal growth of R.solani,S.rolfsii and S.sclerotiorum were 77.07%,50.82%,and 95.25%,respectively.After 24 h treatment with JT86 fermentation broth,the sclerotia of the three pathogens did not germinate,with inhibitory rates all reached 100%.JT86 fermentation broth had high protease,cellulase and chitinase activities,but did not produce indoleacetic acid.Scanning electron microscopy showed that JT86 fermentation broth could cause severe hyphal atrophy and deformity of R.solani.【Conclusion】The JT86 fermentation broth had good inhibitory effects on the growth and development,as well as sclerotial germination of R.solani,S.rolfsii and S.sclerotiorum.

关 键 词：烟草土传病菌 菌核 生防菌株 铜绿假单胞菌 

分 类 号：S482.2[农业科学—农药学] S572[农业科学—植物保护]